Spindle assembly checkpoint robustness requires Tpr-mediated regulation of Mad1/Mad2 proteostasis.

Spindle assembly checkpoint robustness requires Tpr-mediated regulation of Mad1/Mad2 proteostasis.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201309076
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发表时间:
2013-12-23
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Maiato H
Maiato H
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schweizer N;Ferrás C;Kern DM;Logarinho E;Cheeseman IM;Maiato H

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TPR是一种不依赖于运动编排的限速因子,通过在有丝分裂前稳定Mad 1和Mad 2来安装和维持稳健的纺锤体组装检查点响应。TPR是一种保守的核孔复合物(NPC)蛋白,通过未知的机制参与纺锤体组装检查点(SAC)。在这里,我们表明,TPR是所需的正常SAC反应稳定Mad 1和Mad 2有丝分裂前。在间期和有丝分裂期间,Tpr与Mad 1和Mad 2共免疫沉淀(下文称为Tpr/Mad 1/Mad 2或TM 2复合物),并且是Mad 1-c-Mad 2募集到NPC所需的。有趣的是,Tpr通常是不可检测的着丝粒和Mad 1,但不是Mad 2,着丝粒定位,这表明SAC的鲁棒性取决于Mad 2水平的着丝粒。蛋白质半衰期的测量表明,TPR稳定Mad 1和Mad 2,确保正常的Mad 1-c-Mad 2生产的mRNA和kinetochore-independent的方式。GFP-Mad 2的过表达恢复了正常的SAC反应和Tpr耗尽细胞中Mad 2动粒水平。从机制上讲,我们提供的证据表明,TPR可能通过SUMO-异肽酶SENP 1和SENP 2在NPC空间调节SAC蛋白质稳态。因此,Tpr是一个不依赖于激动剂的限速因子,需要安装和维持一个强大的SAC响应。
Tpr is a kinetochore-independent, rate-limiting factor required to mount and sustain a robust spindle assembly checkpoint response by stabilizing Mad1 and Mad2 before mitosis. Tpr is a conserved nuclear pore complex (NPC) protein implicated in the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) by an unknown mechanism. Here, we show that Tpr is required for normal SAC response by stabilizing Mad1 and Mad2 before mitosis. Tpr coimmunoprecipitated with Mad1 and Mad2 (hereafter designated as Tpr/Mad1/Mad2 or TM2 complex) during interphase and mitosis, and is required for Mad1–c-Mad2 recruitment to NPCs. Interestingly, Tpr was normally undetectable at kinetochores and dispensable for Mad1, but not for Mad2, kinetochore localization, which suggests that SAC robustness depends on Mad2 levels at kinetochores. Protein half-life measurements demonstrate that Tpr stabilizes Mad1 and Mad2, ensuring normal Mad1–c-Mad2 production in an mRNA- and kinetochore-independent manner. Overexpression of GFP-Mad2 restored normal SAC response and Mad2 kinetochore levels in Tpr-depleted cells. Mechanistically, we provide evidence that Tpr might spatially regulate SAC proteostasis through the SUMO-isopeptidases SENP1 and SENP2 at NPCs. Thus, Tpr is a kinetochore-independent, rate-limiting factor required to mount and sustain a robust SAC response.
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