Relating Slip Behavior to Off‐Fault Deformation Using Physical Models
Relating Slip Behavior to Off‐Fault Deformation Using Physical Models
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DOI：
10.1029/2021gl096784
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Emily O. Ross;J. Reber;S. Titus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Emily O. Ross;J. Reber;S. Titus
转换系统中的变形由离散的断层滑动和分布的断层外变形来调节。在这里，我们考虑如何改变滑动行为沿着断层可以影响之间的分布和断层变形。我们使用物理实验来简化几何形状、材料性质、边界条件和沿着走滑断层的滑动历史，以直接观察断层外变形的模式。我们使用粒子图像测速仪（2D）和摄影测量（3D）在一个简单的剪切装置上记录硅板的变形。实验结果表明，地形的高点和低点两侧的滑移过渡的增长，发展，并与渐进应变位移的区域。实验膨胀场与加州中部沿着圣安德烈亚斯断层的应变场有相似之处，这表明滑动行为的变化可以解释短期和长期变形中的一些真实的世界模式。
Deformation in transform systems is accommodated by discrete fault slip and distributed off‐fault deformation. Here, we consider how a change in slip behavior along a fault can influence the distribution between on‐ and off‐fault deformation. We use a physical experiment to simplify the geometry, material properties, boundary conditions, and slip history along a strike‐slip fault to directly observe patterns of off‐fault deformation. We document deformation of a silicone slab on a simple shear apparatus using particle image velocimetry (2D) and photogrammetry (3D). The experimental results show regions of topographic highs and lows on either side of the slip transition that grow, evolve, and are displaced with progressive strain. The experimental dilatation field shares similarities with strain fields in central California along the San Andreas fault, which suggests that a change in slip behavior may explain some of the real‐world patterns in short‐ and long‐term deformation.