Changes in perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic among American veterans.
Changes in perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic among American veterans.
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COVID-19 大流行期间美国退伍军人感知压力的变化。
DOI：
10.1002/smi.3153
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Pedersen,EricR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Davis,JordanP;Prindle,John;Saba,ShaddyK;Tran,DeniseD;Lee,DanielS;Sedano,Angeles;Castro,CarlA;Pedersen,EricR
美国退伍军人是一个遭受特定环境压力源以及许多特定于人口的重大生活事件的人群。目前的探索性研究使用了从2020年2月到2021年2月调查的1230名美国退伍军人的纵向队列。我们试图了解感知压力的异质性，使用增长混合模型，在这段时间内，COVID特定因素（如对大流行的负面反应，孤独和就业中断）如何影响感知压力轨迹，以及退伍军人如何在远端结果中变化，包括创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），疼痛，抑郁，睡眠问题，身体健康和酒精使用障碍。结果显示了4类解决方案：稳定高，稳定低，稳定增加和稳定减少类。就COVID的特定因素而言，对COVID的负面反应始终与稳定高和稳定增加类的感知压力相关，而孤独感与所有紧急类的压力轨迹相关。最后，在我们的远端结果方面，结果显示了一个相对稳健的模式，在稳定高或稳定增加类中的退伍军人在所有结果中报告了更差的分数，包括创伤后应激障碍，疼痛，睡眠问题，身体健康，抑郁症和酒精使用障碍。了解退伍军人现有的脆弱性，持续的压力源和行为健康结果之间的相互作用对于预防和干预工作至关重要。
American veterans are a population that suffer from both context specific stressors as well as many population‐specific major‐life events. The present exploratory study utilises a longitudinal cohort of 1230 U.S. veterans surveyed from February 2020 through February 2021. We sought to understand heterogeneity in perceived stress, using growth mixture modelling, over this time period, how COVID‐specific factors such as negative reactions to the pandemic, loneliness, and employment disruptions influence perceived stress trajectories, and how veterans vary across distal outcomes including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), pain, depression, sleep problems, physical health, and alcohol use disorder. Results revealed a 4‐class solution: Stable High, Stable Low, Steady Increasing, and Steady Decreasing classes. In terms of COVID specific factors, negative reactions to COVID were consistently associated with perceived stress for those in the Stable High and Steady Increasing classes whereas loneliness was associated with stress trajectories for all emergent classes. Finally, in terms of our distal outcomes, results showed a relatively robust pattern with veterans in the Stable High or Steady Increasing classes reporting worse scores across all outcomes including PTSD, pain, sleep problems, physical health, depression, and alcohol use disorder. Understanding the interplay between existing vulnerabilities, ongoing stressors, and behavioural health outcomes among veterans is crucial for prevention and intervention efforts.