The Formation of Ice Upon Exposed Parts of an Airplane in Flight
The Formation of Ice Upon Exposed Parts of an Airplane in Flight
复制标题
飞行中飞机暴露部分结冰
DOI：
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发表时间：
1928
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. H. Mcavoy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Carroll;W. H. Mcavoy
为了实验研究导致飞机表面结冰的条件，飞机配备了小型辅助表面和类似于支柱、金属丝、皮托管头等的空气动力学形状。这架飞机在遇到32 F温度的高度上飞行，在这样的高度上可以发现云的形成。在这里，人们发现冰在数量、性质、形状和形成速度方面都很快。对这些数据的检查证实了飞行员的观察，表明收集的冰的重量很可能足以迫使飞机由于增加的载荷而迅速降低高度。然而，更明显的是，空气动力形状的变形可能会增加阻力，减少升力，从而产生更大的高度损失，结果，两者在同一方向上的组合具有双重效果。其他不良后果也已注意到。对于那些必须遇到这些条件的人的指导建议似乎完全沿着避免的路线。
In order to experimentally study the conditions leading to ice formation on aircraft surfaces, an aircraft was equipped with small auxiliary surfaces and aerodynamic shapes similar to struts, wires, Pitot heads, etc. This airplane was flown at an altitude where a temperature of 32 F was encountered, at such times as cloud formations could be found at the coincident altitude. Here it was discovered that ice formed rapidly in regard to quantity,character, shape, and rapidity of formation. An examination of this data, which confirms observations of pilots, indicates that the weight of ice collected can very possibly be sufficient to force the airplane to rapidly lose altitude on account of the increased loads. However, it is more evident that the malformation of the aerodynamic shapes may so increase the drag and reduce the lift so as to produce a loss of altitude even greater in consequence, the combination of the two working in the same direction having a double effect. Other adverse consequences are noted. The recommendation for the guidance of those who must encounter these conditions appears to lie entirely along the lines of avoidance.