Heavy metals in commercial fish in New Jersey
Heavy metals in commercial fish in New Jersey
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2005.02.001
复制
发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Gochfeld, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burger, J;Gochfeld, M
鱼类中的污染物水平特别令人感兴趣，因为对食用它们的人类具有潜在风险。虽然人们的注意力集中在自己捕获的鱼上，但美国公众食用的大部分鱼都来自商业来源。我们从新泽西的超市和专业鱼市中采集了11种鱼类和贝类样本，并分析了砷、镉、铬、铅、锰、汞和硒。我们检验了零假设，即金属水平在鱼类类型之间没有变化，我们考虑了任何金属的水平是否会伤害鱼类本身或其捕食者，或对人类消费者构成健康风险。所有的金属都有显著的种间差异，没有一种鱼的两种以上的金属含量最高。有几个显着的相关性（肯德尔tau）金属之间的三个最多的鱼（黄鳍金枪鱼，蓝鱼，比目鱼），相关性普遍较低（低于0.40），许多相关性是负的。只有锰和铅呈正相关的金枪鱼，蓝鱼，比目鱼。大多数金属的含量都低于已知的对鱼本身造成不良影响的水平。然而，某些鱼类中的砷、铅、汞和硒含量在已知范围内，会对敏感的食肉鸟类和哺乳动物造成亚致死影响，有些鱼类的砷、铅、汞和硒含量超过了健康标准。不同金属的最大风险存在于不同的鱼类中;特定金属含量最高的鱼类物种有时超过该金属的人类健康指南或标准。因此，向公众提供的风险信息（主要是关于汞的信息）并没有提供一个完整的画面。其他重金属的潜在危害表明，人们不仅应该吃少量已知会积累汞的鱼类，而且应该吃多种鱼类，以避免摄入不健康的其他重金属。然而，消费者应该记住，标准有一个安全边际。(c)2005年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Levels of contaminants in fish are of particular interest because of the potential risk to humans who consume them. While attention has focused on self-caught fish, most of the fish eaten by the American public comes from commercial sources. We sampled I I types of fish and shellfish obtained from supermarkets and specialty fish markets in New Jersey and analyzed them for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, manganese, mercury, and selenium. We test the null hypothesis that metal levels do not vary among fish types, and we consider whether the levels of any metals could harm the fish themselves or their predators or pose a health risk for human consumers. There were significant interspecific differences for all metals, and no fish types had the highest levels of more than two metals. There were few significant correlations (Kendall tau) among metals for the three most numerous fish (yellowfin tuna, bluefish, and flounder), the correlations were generally low (below 0.40), and many correlations were negative. Only manganese and lead positively were correlated for tuna, bluefish, and flounder. The levels of most metals were below those known to cause adverse effects in the fish themselves. However, the levels of arsenic, lead, mercury, and selenium in some fish were in the range known to cause some sublethal effects in sensitive predatory birds and mammals and in some fish exceeded health-based standards. The greatest risk from different metals resided in different fish; the species of fish with the highest levels of a given metal sometimes exceeded the human health guidance or standards for that metal. Thus, the risk information given to the public (mainly about mercury) does not present a complete picture. The potential of harm from other metals suggests that people not only should eat smaller quantities of fish known to accumulate mercury but also should eat a diversity of fish to avoid consuming unhealthy quantities of other heavy metals. However, consumers should bear in mind that standards have a margin of safety. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.