Fabrication of Metallic Biomedical Scaffolds with the Space Holder Method: A Review.
Fabrication of Metallic Biomedical Scaffolds with the Space Holder Method: A Review.
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DOI：
10.3390/ma7053588
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发表时间：
2014-05-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhou J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arifvianto B;Zhou J
骨组织工程作为骨缺损修复的一种替代方法越来越受到人们的重视。在这种方法中，在作为骨细胞形成和生长介质的支架的帮助下，新的骨细胞被刺激生长并修复缺损处。考虑到金属材料比聚合物和陶瓷材料具有更好的力学性能，由金属材料制成的支架更适合于需要承载能力的骨组织工程应用。空间保持器法已被认为是制备金属生物医学支架的可行方法之一。在该方法中，临时粉末颗粒，即空间保持器，被设计成支架的造孔剂。一般来说，用空间固定法制造支架的整个过程可以分为四个主要步骤：(I)金属基质粉末和空间保持颗粒的混合；(Ii)颗粒材料的压实；(Iii)空间保持颗粒的去除；(Iv)多孔支架预制件的烧结。在本综述中，详细介绍了这些步骤中的每一个步骤。解决了在用这种特定方法制作脚手架时遇到的技术挑战。总之，尚未制定战略来解决所提出的问题，如粉末分离、气孔不均匀、气孔大小和形状扭曲、收缩失控和污染。
Bone tissue engineering has been increasingly studied as an alternative approach to bone defect reconstruction. In this approach, new bone cells are stimulated to grow and heal the defect with the aid of a scaffold that serves as a medium for bone cell formation and growth. Scaffolds made of metallic materials have preferably been chosen for bone tissue engineering applications where load-bearing capacities are required, considering the superior mechanical properties possessed by this type of materials to those of polymeric and ceramic materials. The space holder method has been recognized as one of the viable methods for the fabrication of metallic biomedical scaffolds. In this method, temporary powder particles, namely space holder, are devised as a pore former for scaffolds. In general, the whole scaffold fabrication process with the space holder method can be divided into four main steps: (i) mixing of metal matrix powder and space-holding particles; (ii) compaction of granular materials; (iii) removal of space-holding particles; (iv) sintering of porous scaffold preform. In this review, detailed procedures in each of these steps are presented. Technical challenges encountered during scaffold fabrication with this specific method are addressed. In conclusion, strategies are yet to be developed to address problematic issues raised, such as powder segregation, pore inhomogeneity, distortion of pore sizes and shape, uncontrolled shrinkage and contamination.