The Par complex directs asymmetric cell division by phosphorylating the cytoskeletal protein Lgl

The Par complex directs asymmetric cell division by phosphorylating the cytoskeletal protein Lgl
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DOI:
10.1038/nature01486
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发表时间:
2003-03-20
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Knoblich, JA
Knoblich, JA
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Betschinger, J;Mechtler, K;Knoblich, JA

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为了产生不同的细胞类型,一些细胞可以在有丝分裂期间将蛋白质决定簇分离到它们的两个子细胞中的一个中。在果蝇成神经细胞中,Par蛋白复合物定位于顶端(1-5),并指导细胞命运决定子Prospero(6-8)和Numb(9)以及衔接蛋白米兰达(10,11)和Pon(12)定位于基底细胞皮层,以确保它们分离到基底子细胞中。Par蛋白复合物在建立细胞极性方面具有保守的功能(13),但它如何将蛋白质引导到相反侧尚不清楚。我们在这里表明,该复合物的主要功能是磷酸化细胞骨架蛋白Lethal(2)giant larvae(Lgl;也称为L(2)gl)。果蝇非典型蛋白激酶C(aPKC)(Par蛋白复合物的一个成员)的磷酸化将Lgl从其与膜和肌动蛋白细胞骨架的结合中释放。遗传和生物化学实验表明,Lgl磷酸化阻止细胞命运决定簇定位到顶端细胞皮质。Lgl促进米兰达的皮质定位(14,15),并且我们提出在顶端成神经细胞皮质处aPKC对Lgl的磷酸化限制了Lgl活性和米兰达定位到细胞的相对基底侧。
To generate different cell types, some cells can segregate protein determinants into one of their two daughter cells during mitosis. In Drosophila neuroblasts, the Par protein complex localizes apically(1-5) and directs localization of the cell fate determinants Prospero(6-8) and Numb(9) and the adaptor proteins Miranda(10,11) and Pon(12) to the basal cell cortex, to ensure their segregation into the basal daughter cell. The Par protein complex has a conserved function in establishing cell polarity(13) but how it directs proteins to the opposite side is unknown. We show here that a principal function of this complex is to phosphorylate the cytoskeletal protein Lethal (2) giant larvae (Lgl; also known as L(2)gl). Phosphorylation by Drosophila atypical protein kinase C (aPKC), a member of the Par protein complex, releases Lgl from its association with membranes and the actin cytoskeleton. Genetic and biochemical experiments show that Lgl phosphorylation prevents the localization of cell fate determinants to the apical cell cortex. Lgl promotes cortical localization of Miranda(14,15),, and we propose that phosphorylation of Lgl by aPKC at the apical neuroblast cortex restricts Lgl activity and Miranda localization to the opposite, basal side of the cell.