Frequency discrimination in children: Perception, learning and attention
Frequency discrimination in children: Perception, learning and attention
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DOI：
10.1016/j.heares.2007.11.013
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Riley, Alison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore, David R.;Ferguson, Melanie A.;Riley, Alison
一般认为，感觉不成熟和注意力不集中是造成一些孩子听力差的原因。然而，每个因素在个体内部和个体之间的相对贡献，以及注意力不集中的性质，人们知之甚少。在三个实验中，我们研究了6-11岁儿童在纯音频率识别（1713）任务中的阈值和反应变异性。我们首先证实，与年龄较大的儿童和成人相比，年龄较小的儿童具有更高的阈值和更大的听者内部和听者之间的变异性。较高的阈值主要归因于持续注意力差导致的高反应变异性。接下来，我们比较了听觉FD任务和视觉空间FD任务的表现。两项任务中个体的阈值或可变性之间没有相关性，这表明参与了特定模式的注意。最后，我们发现8-9岁儿童在教室进行听觉FD训练的阈值比在实验室低，这可能是由于训练时间较长或更熟悉，激励和集中的训练环境。许多年幼的儿童在测试或训练中有时表现得像成年人一样，加上不成熟的表现者的反应差异很大，这表明儿童FD阈值的升高大多是由于注意力不集中。(C) 2007年Elsevier B.V.出版
It is generally believed that both sensory immaturity and inattention contribute to the poor listening of some children. However, the relative contribution of each factor, within and between individuals, and the nature of the inattention are poorly understood. In three experiments we examined the threshold and response variability of 6-11 y.o. children on pure tone frequency discrimination (1713) tasks. We first confirmed that younger children had both higher thresholds and greater within- and between-listener variability than older children and adults. Higher thresholds were mostly attributed to high response variability due to poor sustained attention. We next compared performance on the auditory FD task with that on visual spatial FD. No correlation was found between the thresholds or variability of individuals on the two tasks, suggesting involvement of modality-specific attention. Finally, we found lower thresholds for 8-9 y.o. children performing auditory FD training in a classroom than in the laboratory, possibly due to training session length or to a more familiar, motivating and focussed training environment. The adult-like performance of many younger children at times during their testing or training, together with the high response variability of immature performers, suggested that most elevated FD thresholds in children are due to inattention. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.