Estimation of shipping emissions in Candarli Gulf, Turkey
Estimation of shipping emissions in Candarli Gulf, Turkey
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DOI：
10.1007/s10661-009-1273-2
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Civkaroglu, Gokhan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deniz, Cengiz;Kilic, Alper;Civkaroglu, Gokhan
船舶是重要的空气污染源，因为它们的大功率主发动机通常使用重质燃料。排放的主要大气成分是氮氧化物、颗粒物（PM）、硫氧化物气体、碳氧化物和有毒空气污染物。航运排放对健康和环境造成严重影响。排放的这些影响尤其出现在领沃茨、内海、运河、海峡、海湾和港口地区。坎达尔利湾是土耳其爱琴海一侧的主要工业区之一。该区域的海洋环境受到停靠十个不同港口的船舶排放的影响。在这项研究中，NO（x），SO2，CO2，碳氢化合物（HC）和PM的排放量估计在2007年期间从7,520艘船舶。该等排放按船舶的营运模式及类型分类。年航运排放量估计为631.2吨/年NO（x）（-aEuro parts per thousand 1），573.6吨年（-a欧元千分率1），SO2，33，848.9吨年（-aEuro parts per thousand 1），HC为32.3 t年（-aEuro parts per thousand 1），PM为57.4 t年（-aEuro parts per thousand 1）。
Ships are significant air pollution sources as their high powered main engines often use heavy fuels. The major atmospheric components emitted are nitrogen oxides, particulate matter (PM), sulfur oxide gases, carbon oxides, and toxic air pollutants. Shipping emissions cause severe impacts on health and environment. These effects of emissions are emerged especially in territorial waters, inland seas, canals, straits, bays, and port regions. Candarli Gulf is one of the major industrial regions on the Aegean side of Turkey. The marine environment of the region is affected by emissions from ships calling to ten different ports. In this study, NO (x) , SO2, CO2, hydrocarbons (HC), and PM emissions from 7,520 ships are estimated during the year of 2007. These emissions are classified regarding operation modes and types of ships. Annual shipping emissions are estimated as 631.2 t year (-aEuro parts per thousand 1) for NO (x) , 573.6 t year (-aEuro parts per thousand 1) for SO2, 33,848.9 t year (-aEuro parts per thousand 1) for CO2, 32.3 t year (-aEuro parts per thousand 1) for HC, and 57.4 t year (-aEuro parts per thousand 1) for PM.