Peptides with Dual Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities.
Peptides with Dual Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities.
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DOI：
10.3389/fchem.2017.00005
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Franco OL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Felício MR;Silva ON;Gonçalves S;Santos NC;Franco OL
近年来，患有癌症和多重耐药感染的人数有所增加，以至于这两种疾病已经被视为当前和未来的主要死亡原因。此外，慢性感染是癌症的主要原因之一，因为免疫系统不稳定，允许癌细胞增殖。同样，与癌症或抗癌治疗相关的身体虚弱本身往往为机会性感染铺平了道路。迫切需要开发新的治疗方法，以提高治疗效率和降低副作用。抗菌肽(AMPs)广泛存在于生物体的天然免疫系统中。被认为是当今用于治疗感染的传统分子的最有前途的替代品，其中一些被证明具有双重活性，既是作为抗菌肽(ACPs)的，也是作为抗癌肽(ACPs)的。它们具有高度的阳离子和两亲性，已证明对这两种疾病都有效，自然驱动或合成设计的多肽的数量逐年增加。由于具有相似的性质，也可以作为ACP的AMP被视为未来的化疗药物，具有耐药倾向低的优势，这在药物市场上开启了这一范式。这些多肽已经被描述为在膜水平上呈现杀伤机制的分子，但也作用于细胞内靶点，这与单一靶点的特定药物相比增加了它们的成功率。该综述将探讨具有抗微生物感染和抗癌双重活性的小肽的可取特性，以及正在进行临床试验的小肽。
In recent years, the number of people suffering from cancer and multi-resistant infections has increased, such that both diseases are already seen as current and future major causes of death. Moreover, chronic infections are one of the main causes of cancer, due to the instability in the immune system that allows cancer cells to proliferate. Likewise, the physical debility associated with cancer or with anticancer therapy itself often paves the way for opportunistic infections. It is urgent to develop new therapeutic methods, with higher efficiency and lower side effects. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are found in the innate immune system of a wide range of organisms. Identified as the most promising alternative to conventional molecules used nowadays against infections, some of them have been shown to have dual activity, both as antimicrobial and anticancer peptides (ACPs). Highly cationic and amphipathic, they have demonstrated efficacy against both conditions, with the number of nature-driven or synthetically designed peptides increasing year by year. With similar properties, AMPs that can also act as ACPs are viewed as future chemotherapeutic drugs, with the advantage of low propensity to resistance, which started this paradigm in the pharmaceutical market. These peptides have already been described as molecules presenting killing mechanisms at the membrane level, but also acting toward intracellular targets, which increases their success compartively to one-target specific drugs. This review will approach the desirable characteristics of small peptides that demonstrated dual activity against microbial infections and cancer, as well as the peptides engaged in clinical trials.