Spatial distribution and development of soils in tropical karst areas from the Peninsula of Yucatan, Mexico
Spatial distribution and development of soils in tropical karst areas from the Peninsula of Yucatan, Mexico
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.02.014
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发表时间：
2011-12-15
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Zinck, Joseph Alfred
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bautista, Francisco;Palacio-Aponte, Gerardo;Zinck, Joseph Alfred
更好地了解土壤形成需要了解土壤的空间分布，从而可以沿着各种类型的梯度在多个方向上构建土壤序列模型。该方法用于从墨西哥尤卡坦半岛热带喀斯特地区的土壤分布中了解土壤的形成。对于土壤测绘，遵循两步方法。首先，进行地貌分析；随后，对 382 个土壤剖面进行了重新分类并纳入地质土壤图。在缺乏土壤信息的地区（123 个土壤剖面）进行了额外的土壤调查。卫星图像用于识别洪水区域。经过多次实地验证和分析，结合地形和土壤制作了土壤景观图。根据现场观测和土壤景观图，对土壤序列进行土壤发育分析。确定了四种地貌环境：喀斯特平原和丘陵，含稀土、甘比土、滑土和转土；沿海平原，有阿雷诺土、雷戈土、索隆查克土和组织土；河流-沼泽平原，有 Gleysols、Histosols、Leptosols 和 Solonchacks；以及含有稀土、甘比土、滑土和转性土的构造喀斯特平原和丘陵。尤卡坦半岛的相关土壤形成因素包括石灰岩台地的出现时间、气候、岩石类型以及宏观和微观地形。其他因素，如地下水位、裂缝，也会对土壤形成产生影响。喀斯特发育可以被视为复杂的土壤和地形形成因素。尤卡坦半岛的红土（如轻土土、甘比土土、软土土、镍基土土和转性土）可能是多基因的。在某些情况下，残余起源理论比异地起源理论更适合数据；在其他情况下，则相反。 (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Better understanding of soil formation requires knowing the spatial distribution of the soils that allows constructing models of soil sequences in multiple directions along various types of gradients. This approach was applied to comprehend the soil formation from the soil distribution in the tropical karst areas of the Peninsula of Yucatan, Mexico. For soil mapping, a two-step methodology was followed. First, a geomorphic analysis was performed; subsequently, 382 soil profiles were reclassified and integrated into a geopedologic map. Additional soil survey was carried out in areas where soil information was lacking (123 soil profiles). Satellite images were used to identify flooded areas. After conducting numerous field verifications and analyses, landforms and soils were combined to make a soilscape map. Based on field observations and the soilscape map, soil development was analyzed on soil sequences. Four geomorphic environments were identified, karstic plains and hills with Leptosols, Cambisols, Luvisols, and Vertisols; coastal plains with Arenosols, Regosols, Solonchacks, and Histosols; fluvio-paludal plains with Gleysols, Histosols, Leptosols and Solonchacks; and tectono-karstic plains and hills with Leptosols, Cambisols, Luvisols, and Vertisols. Relevant soil forming factors in the Peninsula of Yucatan include time of emersion of the limestone platforms, climate, rock type, and macro- and micro-relief. Other factors such as groundwater level, fractures, also have an influence on soil formation. Karst development can be considered as a complex soil and relief forming factor. Terra Rossa soils as Leptosols, Cambisols, Luvisols, Nitisols and Vertisols in the Peninsula of Yucatan may be polygenic. In some cases, the theory of residual origin fits better the data than the theory of allochthonous origin; in other cases, it is the other way around. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.