The rise and fall of the "marine heat wave" off Western Australia during the summer of 2010/2011
The rise and fall of the "marine heat wave" off Western Australia during the summer of 2010/2011
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jmarsys.2012.10.009
复制
发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Feng, Ming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pearce, Alan F.;Feng, Ming
2010/2011年夏季，西澳大利亚海岸沿着出现了创纪录的高海洋温度。2011年2月，从Ningaloo（南纬22度）到Cape Leeuwin（南纬34度）的沿海沿着以及离岸>200公里的广大地区，卫星得出的海表温度（SST）异常峰值比长期月平均值高出3摄氏度。在海岸沿着的一些系泊地点进行的每小时温度测量显示，温度异常主要被困在表面混合层中，在2月底和3月初的一周内，中西部沿海地区的最高近岸温度上升到高于平均水平5摄氏度，导致一些毁灭性的鱼类死亡，以及热带鱼类和鲸鲨和曼塔等巨型动物暂时向南延伸。温度升高是创纪录强度的列文海流、接近创纪录的拉尼娜事件以及尽管SST很高但仍有非常高的海气热通量进入海洋的结果。这股热浪是西澳大利亚沃茨前所未有的热事件，叠加在潜在的长期温度上升之上。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Record high ocean temperatures were experienced along the Western Australian coast during the austral summer of 2010/2011. Satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in February 2011 peaked at 3 degrees C above the long-term monthly means over a wide area from Ningaloo (22 degrees S) to Cape Leeuwin (34 degrees S) along the coast and out to >200 km offshore. Hourly temperature measurements at a number of mooring sites along the coast revealed that the temperature anomalies were mostly trapped in the surface mixed layer, with peak nearshore temperatures rising to similar to 5 degrees C above average in the central west coastal region over a week encompassing the end of February and early March, resulting in some devastating fish kills as well as temporary southward range extensions of tropical fish species and megafauna such as whale sharks and manta rays. The elevated temperatures were a result of a combination of a record strength Leeuwin Current, a near-record La Nina event, and anomalously high air-sea heat flux into the ocean even though the SST was high. This heat wave was an unprecedented thermal event in Western Australian waters, superimposed on an underlying long-term temperature rise. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.