Low‐Trunk Epiphytic Ferns on Tree Ferns Versus Angiosperms in Costa Rica
Low‐Trunk Epiphytic Ferns on Tree Ferns Versus Angiosperms in Costa Rica
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哥斯达黎加树蕨上的低树干附生蕨类植物与被子植物
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Carlsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Moran;Susann Klimas;M. Carlsen
研究了树蕨和被子植物两种寄主植物下树干上附生蕨类植物的发生情况。这项研究是在哥斯达黎加的La Selva生物野外站（海拔50米）进行的，拉斯克鲁塞斯生物野外考察站（1200米）、蒙特韦尔德云雾森林保护区（1500米）和库埃里奇生物野外考察站（2600米）。在每个站点，20个树蕨树干根地幔进行了采样的附生植物高达3米的高度，同样的是最近的被子植物树干相似的直径在胸高（DBH）。共有106种附生蕨类植物被发现在所有的研究地点，没有更频繁地发生在被子植物的树干，但11个更频繁地发生在树蕨。11种中有7种完全局限于树蕨，而其他4种也发生在被子植物上。树蕨有一个显着较高的附生物种比被子植物，平均（取决于网站）3-5种，而被子植物平均1或2。树蕨上的附生蕨类植物比被子植物上的附生蕨类植物多。树蕨类植物或被子植物，胸径和物种丰富度或百分比覆盖蕨类植物附生植物之间不存在相关性。总之，低干蕨类植物附生植物表现出显着差异的树木蕨类植物与被子植物方面的物种组成，每干的物种数，和覆盖率。这种差异可能是由于根套为蕨类原叶体的建立提供了更有利的微生境，并为蕨类孢子体的附着提供了更好的基质。
We studied the occurrence of epiphytic ferns on the lower trunks of two kinds of hosts: tree ferns and angiosperms. The study was conducted in Costa Rica at the La Selva Biological Field Station (50 m elev.), Las Cruces Biological Field Station (1200 m), Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve (1500 m), and Cuerici Biological Field Station (2600 m). At each site, 20 tree fern trunks with a root mantle were sampled for epiphytes up to a height of 3 m, and the same was done for the nearest angiosperm trunk of similar diameter at breast height (DBH). A total of 106 species of epiphytic ferns was found at all of the study sites; none occurred more frequently on angiosperm trunks, but 11 occurred more frequently on tree ferns. Seven of the 11 species were entirely restricted to tree ferns, whereas the other 4 also occurred on angiosperms. Tree ferns had a significantly higher number of epiphytic species than angiosperms, averaging (depending on the site) 3–5 species, whereas angiosperms averaged 1 or 2. Epiphytic ferns were more abundant on tree ferns than on angiosperms. No correlation existed, for tree ferns or for angiosperms, between DBH and species richness or percent cover of fern epiphytes. In conclusion, low‐trunk fern epiphytes exhibited significant differences on tree fern versus angiosperm in regard to species composition, number of species per trunk, and percent cover. The differences probably were caused by the root mantles providing more favorable microhabitats for the establishment of fern prothalli and a better substrate for the attachment of fern sporophytes.