GLYPHOSATE SKIN BINDING, ABSORPTION, RESIDUAL TISSUE DISTRIBUTION, AND SKIN DECONTAMINATION
GLYPHOSATE SKIN BINDING, ABSORPTION, RESIDUAL TISSUE DISTRIBUTION, AND SKIN DECONTAMINATION
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DOI：
10.1016/0272-0590(91)90158-z
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发表时间：
1991-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
MAIBACH, HI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
WESTER, RC;MELENDRES, J;MAIBACH, HI
草甘膦皮肤结合，吸收，残留组织分布，皮肤去污。王晓明，王晓华，王晓明，等.APPL毒素。16,725-732。草甘膦是一种广谱的出苗后易位除草剂。通过皮肤结合、皮肤吸收、残留组织分布和皮肤去污来研究其与皮肤的相互作用和潜在的经皮吸收的全身利用度。草甘膦在最终配方(农达)中，未经稀释并用水1：20和1：32稀释，不会分配到粉状人角质层(1%)。体外经皮吸收作为受体液进入人血浆的浓度范围为0.5154mlg/cm2，局部体积范围为0.014-0.14mlcm2，不超过2%。恒河猴静脉注射93和9μg后，草甘膦主要通过尿液排泄，7d分别为95±8%和99±4%。低剂量(25μg/cm~2)在恒河猴体内的透皮吸收为0.8±0.6%，高剂量(270μg/cm~2)为2.2±0.8%。局部应用7天后，安乐死猴子的器官中未发现14C残留物。用肥皂和水冲洗皮肤涂抹部位可去除90±4%的涂抹剂量，用水冲洗仅去除84±3%的涂抹剂量。在24小时的皮肤涂抹期间，肥皂和水与水在去除皮肤草甘膦方面的能力是相同的。约50%的初始应用剂量可在24小时后恢复。草甘膦极易溶于水，不溶于大多数有机物(辛醇/水对数P=−1.70)，因此与富含脂质的角质层不相容。这与低皮肤结合力和皮肤吸收是一致的，也与用肥皂和水或只用水洗皮肤的有效去除是一致的。
Glyphosate Skin Binding, Absorption, Residual Tissue Distribution, and Skin Decontamination. Wester, R. C., Melendres, J., Sarason, R., McMaster, J., and Maibach, H. I. (1991).Fundam. Appl. Toxicol.16, 725–732. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum postemergence translocated herbicide. Its interactions with skin and potential systemic availability through percutaneous absorption was studied by skin binding, skin absorption, residual tissue distribution, and skin decontamination. Glyphosate in a final formulation (Roundup) undiluted and diluted with water 1:20 and 1:32, would not partition into powdered human stratum corneum (<1%).In vitropercutaneous absorption through human skin into human plasma as receptor fluid was no more than 2% over a concentration range of 0.5–154 μg/cm2and a topical volume range of 0.014–0.14 ml/cm2. Disposition of glyphosate following iv administration of 93 and 9 μg doses to rhesus monkeys was mainly through urine excretion, 95 ± 8 and 99 ± 4% in 7 days, respectively. Percutaneous absorptionin vivoin rhesus monkey was 0.8 ± 0.6% for the low dose (25 μg/cm2) and 2.2 ± 0.8% for the high dose (270 μg/cm2). No residual14C was found in organs of the monkeys euthanized 7 days after the topical application. Washing the skin application site with soap and water removed 90 ± 4% of applied dose, and washing with water only removed 84 ± 3% of applied dose. Both soap and water and water only were equal in ability to remove glyphosate from skin over a 24 hr skin application period. About 50% of the initially applied dose could be recovered after 24 hr. Glyphosate is very soluble in water and insoluble in most organics (octanol/water logP= −1.70) and therefore not compatible with the lipid-laden stratum corneum. This is consistent with the low skin binding and skin absorption and also consistent with the efficient removal from skin with soap and water or water-only wash.