Observed child restraint misuse in a large, urban community: Results from three years of inspection events
Observed child restraint misuse in a large, urban community: Results from three years of inspection events
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsr.2015.11.005
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Upperman, Jeffrey S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bachman, Shelby L.;Salzman, Garrett A.;Upperman, Jeffrey S.
问题：儿童约束系统（CRS）对于优化儿童乘客安全和降低机动车碰撞中儿童受伤和死亡的风险至关重要。但是，大多数CR安装不当。方法：本研究是对观察到的CR误用实例的评估。参与者是通过加州洛杉矶县CR检查活动的广告招募的。儿童乘客安全技术人员收集了有关每个儿童乘客、车辆以及CR选择和安装方面的信息。结果：在到货后安装的693个CR中，只有3.8%被使用，没有误用的情况。最常见的误用是不适当地使用顶部系绳和未能将安全带固定在锁定模式下。结论：大多数观察到的CR安装时存在误用情况。与旧车相比，新车中的CR不太可能安装在安全气囊前面，更有可能不适当地设置安全带。年龄较大的儿童更有可能过早地被限制在前排座椅上。实际应用：大多数CR安装不当。我们确定了大型城市社区中常见的CR滥用的具体实例，并提出了改进儿童乘客安全实践和教育的建议。(C)2015国家安全理事会和爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Problem: Child restraints (CRS) are vital for optimizing child passenger safety and reducing the risk of pediatric injury and fatality in motor vehicle crashes. However, most CRs are installed improperly. Methods: This present study was an assessment of observed instances of CR misuse. Participants were recruited through advertisements for CR inspection events in Los Angeles County, California. Child Passenger Safety Technicians collected information about each child passenger, vehicle, and aspects of CR selection and installation. Results: Of 693 CRs installed upon arrival, only 3.8% were used with no instances of misuse. The most common misuses were inappropriate use of the top tether and failure to secure the seatbelt in locked mode. Conclusions: The majority of observed CRs were installed with instances of misuse. CRs in newer vehicles were less likely to be installed in front of airbags and more likely to have the seatbelt routed inappropriately compared to those in older vehicles. Older children were more likely to be prematurely restrained in the front vehicle seat. Practical Applications: The majority of CRs are installed improperly. We identified specific instances of CR misuse that are common in a large, urban community and present recommendations to improve child passenger safety practices and education. (C) 2015 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.