Human Brain Project: Ethics Management statt Prozeduralisierung von Reflexivität?
Human Brain Project: Ethics Management statt Prozeduralisierung von Reflexivität?
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人脑项目：伦理管理是如何进行反思的？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Sabine Maasen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sabine Maasen
人脑计划：伦理管理还是反身性程序化？任何地方都需要研究和创新的反思性和责任感——神经科学也不例外。应尽早认识到科学技术发展的不良副作用，并应为非科学参与者提供参与机会。除了技术评估、公众对科学的理解、科学的道德法律和社会影响 (ELSI)、科学传播和公民科学等著名的反思性项目外，一个新项目正在兴起：负责任的研究和创新 (RRI)。随着这里所倡导的预期、反身性、包容性和响应性的维度，研究的社会责任再次得到扩展：事实上（适用于所有领域的科学实践）、暂时性（变得越来越持久）和社会性（涉及越来越多的参与者）。以下研究将首先将 RRI 当前的突出地位重建为科学与社会之间关系变化的动力，然后探讨公开材料中记载的 RRI 的主张和现实。观察结果：虽然 RRI 在其计划层面旨在通过知识生产的民主化来实现合法性，但 RRI 的组织却表现出高度精心策划的官僚安排和程序。以人脑计划为例，我们可以清楚地看到，RRI 是如何通过有针对性的减少来为支持神经信息学大科学服务的：它主要被框定为“伦理管理”，很难融入研究实践甚至公共话语中。
Human Brain Project: Ethics Management or Proceduralization of Reflexivity? Everywhere, the reflexivity and responsibility of research and innovation is called for – the neurosciences being no exception. Undesirable side effects of scientific‐technical developments should be recognized early on and opportunities for participation by non‐scientific actors should be made available. In addition to the well‐known reflective programs such as Technology Assessment, Public Understanding of Science, Ethical Legal and Social Implications (ELSI) of Science, Science Communication and Citizen Science, a new program is emerging: Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). With the dimensions of anticipation, reflexivity, inclusiveness and responsiveness advocated here, social accountability of research has just been expanded again: factually (applying to the scientific practice of all domains), temporally (becoming more and more permanent) and socially (involving more and more actors). The following study will first reconstruct the current prominence of RRI as the dynamics of a changing relationship between science and society, then explore into the claim and reality of RRI as documented in publicly available material. The observation: While RRI at the level of its program aims at legitimacy through democratization of knowledge production, the organization of RRI demonstrates highly orchestrated bureaucratic arrangements and procedures. In the case of the Human Brain Project, it thus becomes clear that and how RRI is being put to the service of supporting neuroinformatic big science through targeted reductions: it is mainly framed as ‘ethics management’ and hardly integrated into research practice or even public discourse.