Chrono::GPU: An Open-Source Simulation Package for Granular Dynamics Using the Discrete Element Method
Chrono::GPU: An Open-Source Simulation Package for Granular Dynamics Using the Discrete Element Method
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DOI：
10.3390/pr9101813
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发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Luning Fang;Ruochun Zhang;Colin Vanden Heuvel;R. Serban;D. Negrut
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luning Fang;Ruochun Zhang;Colin Vanden Heuvel;R. Serban;D. Negrut
我们报告了一个开源的、公开可用的C++软件模块Chrono：：GPU，它使用离散元方法（DEM）在图形处理单元（GPU）卡上模拟大粒度系统。该求解器支持颗粒材料与三角形网格定义的几何形状的集成，以及与多物理场仿真引擎Chrono的协同仿真。Chrono：：GPU采用平滑接触公式并实现各种常见的接触力模型，例如法向力的赫兹模型和Mindlin摩擦力模型，该模型考虑了切向位移、滚动摩擦扭矩和内聚力的历史。我们报告的代码结构，并强调其使用的混合数据类型，以减少内存占用和提高模拟速度。我们讨论了几个验证测试（波传播，转鼓，直接剪切试验，火山口试验），比较模拟结果与实验数据或文献报道的结果。在另一个基准测试中，我们演示了线性扩展，问题大小高达GPU内存容量;特别是对于具有1.3亿DEM元素的系统。模拟基础设施的演示与模拟的美国宇航局Currency漫游者，这是目前活跃在火星上。
We report on an open-source, publicly available C++ software module called Chrono::GPU, which uses the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to simulate large granular systems on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) cards. The solver supports the integration of granular material with geometries defined by triangle meshes, as well as co-simulation with the multi-physics simulation engine Chrono. Chrono::GPU adopts a smooth contact formulation and implements various common contact force models, such as the Hertzian model for normal force and the Mindlin friction force model, which takes into account the history of tangential displacement, rolling frictional torques, and cohesion. We report on the code structure and highlight its use of mixed data types for reducing the memory footprint and increasing simulation speed. We discuss several validation tests (wave propagation, rotating drum, direct shear test, crater test) that compare the simulation results against experimental data or results reported in the literature. In another benchmark test, we demonstrate linear scaling with a problem size up to the GPU memory capacity; specifically, for systems with 130 million DEM elements. The simulation infrastructure is demonstrated in conjunction with simulations of the NASA Curiosity rover, which is currently active on Mars.