Gender differences in undergraduates' body esteem: The mediating effect of objectified body consciousness and actual/ideal weight discrepancy
Gender differences in undergraduates' body esteem: The mediating effect of objectified body consciousness and actual/ideal weight discrepancy
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1018834001203
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发表时间：
1998-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
McKinley, NM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKinley, NM
327名大学生（主要是欧洲裔美国人）接受了调查，以测试女性如何将自己的身体视为被观察的对象的女权主义理论（客观化的身体意识或OBC）是否有助于解释身体尊重的性别差异。OBC量表（McKinley & Hyde, 1996）被证明是具有男性可接受信度的独特维度。女性的身体监控、身体羞耻和身体尊重之间的关系比男性更强。与男性相比，女性受到了更多的监视、身体羞耻感、实际/理想体重差异和更低的身体自尊。多元回归分析发现，当OBC进入方程时，身体尊重的性别差异不再显著，支持女性主义关于女性身体体验的理论。
Three hundred twenty-seven undergraduate mostly European American women and men were surveyed to test whether feminist theory about how women come to view their bodies as objects to be watched (Objectified Body Consciousness or OBC) can be useful in explaining gender differences in body esteem. The OBC scales (McKinley & Hyde, 1996) were demonstrated to be distinct dimensions with acceptable reliabilities for men. Relationships between body surveillance, body shame, and body esteem were stronger for women than for men. Women had higher surveillance, body shame, and actual/ideal weight discrepancy and lower body esteem than did men. Multiple regression analysis found that gender differences in body esteem were no longer significant when OBC was entered into the equation, supporting feminist theory about women's body experience.