The RB tumor suppressor at the intersection of proliferation and immunity: relevance to disease immune evasion and immunotherapy
The RB tumor suppressor at the intersection of proliferation and immunity: relevance to disease immune evasion and immunotherapy
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DOI：
10.1080/15384101.2015.1010922
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发表时间：
2015-12-17
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Knudsen, Erik S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hutcheson, Jack;Witkiewicz, Agnieszka K.;Knudsen, Erik S.
视网膜母细胞瘤肿瘤抑制基因（RB）是第一个基于儿童眼部肿瘤的生殖系易感性而鉴定的肿瘤抑制基因。由于这些早期研究，RB的功能失活在几乎所有人类恶性肿瘤中是常见的。大量的研究已经深入了解RB的丢失如何促进肿瘤的病因学和进展。由于恶性肿瘤的特征是异常的细胞分裂，这方面的研究主要集中在RB的能力，通过抑制增殖相关基因调节细胞周期。然而，人们逐渐认识到，RB是一个重要的调解人的多种功能。越来越受到关注的一个领域是RB在调节免疫功能的不同特征方面的新兴作用。这些发现表明RB不仅仅是细胞增殖的调节剂;它处于增殖和免疫反应的十字路口。在这里，我们回顾了RB在免疫系统中的功能作用，与免疫逃避的相关性，以及对免疫治疗反应的潜在意义。
The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) was the first identified tumor suppressor based on germline predisposition to the pediatric eye tumor. Since these early studies, it has become apparent that the functional inactivation of RB is a common event in nearly all human malignancy. A great deal of research has gone into understanding how the loss of RB promotes tumor etiology and progression. Since malignant tumors are characterized by aberrant cell division, much of this research has focused upon the ability of RB to regulate the cell cycle by repression of proliferation-related genes. However, it is progressively understood that RB is an important mediator of multiple functions. One area that is gaining progressive interest is the emerging role for RB in regulating diverse features of immune function. These findings suggest that RB is more than simply a regulator of cellular proliferation; it is at the crossroads of proliferation and the immune response. Here we review the data related to the functional roles of RB on the immune system, relevance to immune evasion, and potential significance to the response to immune-therapy.