On the characterization of alternatives
On the characterization of alternatives
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DOI：
10.1007/s11050-010-9065-3
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Katzir, Roni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox, Danny;Katzir, Roni
我们提出了一个论点，修正了标量蕴涵的选择理论和与焦点的联系理论。我们认为，在这两种情况下，备选方案都是以相同的方式确定的，作为对句子焦点值的语境限制，而焦点值又是用结构敏感的术语定义的。我们提供的证据表明，当备选方案与断言或前一项处于特定的逻辑关系时，语境限制受制于一种约束，该约束阻止它区分备选方案，这种关系我们称为对称。由于对上下文限制的这种限制，在对称的情况下区分备选方案成为焦点值的任务。这一结论与焦点值的标准类型理论定义不兼容，反而激发了我们对结构敏感的定义。
We present an argument for revising the theory of alternatives for Scalar Implicatures and for Association with Focus. We argue that in both cases the alternatives are determined in the same way, as a contextual restriction of the focus value of the sentence, which, in turn, is defined in structure-sensitive terms. We provide evidence that contextual restriction is subject to a constraint that prevents it from discriminating between alternatives when they stand in a particular logical relationship with the assertion or the prejacent, a relationship that we refer to as symmetry. Due to this constraint on contextual restriction, discriminating between alternatives in cases of symmetry becomes the task of focus values. This conclusion is incompatible with standard type-theoretic definitions of focus values, motivating our structure-sensitive definition instead.