Cyanobacterial Diversity in Biological Soil Crusts along a Precipitation Gradient, Northwest Negev Desert, Israel
Cyanobacterial Diversity in Biological Soil Crusts along a Precipitation Gradient, Northwest Negev Desert, Israel
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-014-0533-z
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Kaplan, Aaron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hagemann, Martin;Henneberg, Manja;Kaplan, Aaron
蓝藻广泛存在于世界各地，但在干旱和半干旱生态系统中生物土壤结皮(BSCs)的形成和初级活动中发挥着重要作用。2010年至2012年，在沿降水梯度的三个固定采样站，对以色列西北部内盖夫沙漠生物干细胞中蓝藻多样性进行了调查。这三个站的特点也是土壤特征的显著差异，如土壤碳、氮或电导率。利用蓝藻特异的引物对含有部分16S rRNA基因序列的克隆文库进行测序，分析蓝藻的生物多样性。丝状、非重氮营养菌株(第III小节)，特别是类微柱藻，在所有年份中占蓝藻群落的主导地位(30%)。在最干旱的南部站，特定的蓝藻类群的丰度随着可用水的减少而增加(例如，嗜铬球藻、细长念珠藻和念珠藻)或减少(例如，属于第I分段的单细胞菌株)，而在所有三个站的土壤中经常发现许多蓝藻菌株。三个采样站的蓝藻多样性似乎取决于可用降雨量，而土壤化学的差异则不那么重要。
Cyanobacteria occur worldwide but play an important role in the formation and primary activity of biological soil crusts (BSCs) in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. The cyanobacterial diversity in BSCs of the northwest Negev desert of Israel was surveyed at three fixed sampling stations situated along a precipitation gradient in the years 2010 to 2012. The three stations also are characterized by marked differences in soil features such as soil carbon, nitrogen, or electrical conductivity. The cyanobacterial biodiversity was analyzed by sequencing inserts of clone libraries harboring partial 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained with cyanobacteria-specific primers. Filamentous, non-diazotrophic strains (subsection III), particularly Microcoleus-like, dominated the cyanobacterial community (30 % proportion) in all years. Specific cyanobacterial groups showed increased (e.g., Chroococcidiopsis, Leptolyngbya, and Nostoc strains) or decreased (e.g., unicellular strains belonging to the subsection I and Scytonema strains) abundances with declining water availability at the most arid, southern station, whereas many cyanobacterial strains were frequently found in the soils of all three stations. The cyanobacterial diversity at the three sampling stations appears dependent on the available precipitation, whereas the differences in soil chemistry were of lower importance.