Passive and active imaging at 94 GHz for environmental remote sensing

Passive and active imaging at 94 GHz for environmental remote sensing
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用于环境遥感的 94 GHz 被动和主动成像

DOI:
10.1117/12.2015730
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Macfarlane D
Macfarlane D
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Macfarlane D

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我们报告使用的全天候火山地形成像传感器(AVTIS)94 GHz的双模式雷达/辐射成像仪的环境监测。FMCW雷达产生地形的3D地图,而被动辐射计记录场景的亮度温度地图。AVTIS是一种低功率便携式仪器,已在作业中用于测量距离达6公里的地形。AVTIS最初是为地面测量活火山而开发的,现已成功地用于测量哥斯达黎加的阿纳尔火山和蒙特塞拉特的苏弗里耶尔山火山。然而,额外的环境遥感应用正在出现这种技术,我们将介绍如何使用该仪器进行地形测绘和室外场景的热调查的细节。数字高程图的提取是AVTIS雷达模式的主要功能。我们回顾这个过程,包括距离漂移补偿,雷达截面(RCS)直方图分析和阈值,和地理定位到GPS。此外,我们将介绍如何仔细校准,使地形的RCS成像和提取的固有反射率的地形材料(归一化的RCS,或sigma-nought),这可能是用来分类地形类型。我们已经验证了被动模式图像对红外热成像,他们表现出良好的协议,一旦空间分辨率的差异占。这种比较还揭示了由于两个波段中的遮蔽物(蒸汽、气体、灰)而导致的传播差异。
We report on the use of the All-weather Volcano Topography Imaging Sensor (AVTIS) 94 GHz dual mode radar/radiometric imager for environmental monitoring. The FMCW radar yields 3D maps of the terrain whilst the passive radiometer records brightness temperature maps of the scene. AVTIS is a low power portable instrument and has been used operationally to survey terrain at ranges up to 6 km. AVTIS was originally developed for the ground-based measurement of active volcanoes and has been used successfully to measure the Arenal Volcano in Costa Rica and the Soufrière Hills Volcano on Montserrat. However, additional environmental remote sensing applications are emerging for this technology and we will present details of how the instrument is used to perform terrain mapping and thermal surveys of outdoor scenes. The extraction of digital elevation maps is the primary function of the AVTIS radar mode. We review this process covering range drift compensation, radar cross section (RCS) histogram analysis and thresholding, and georeferencing to GPS. Additionally, we will present how careful calibration enables RCS imaging of terrain and the extraction of the intrinsic reflectivity of the terrain material (normalized RCS, or sigma-nought) which can potentially be used to classify terrain types. We have validated the passive mode imagery against infrared thermal imagery and they show good agreement once the differences in spatial resolution are accounted for. This comparison also reveals differences in propagation due to obscurants (steam, gas, ash) in the two wavebands.
DOI: 10.1049/iet-rsn.2010.0097
发表时间: 2011-01
影响因子: 1.7
作者:
R. Middleton;D. Macfarlane;D. Robertson
通讯作者: R. Middleton;D. Macfarlane;D. Robertson
用于遥感的 94 GHz 双模式成像雷达仪
DOI: --
发表时间: 2006
期刊: SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing
影响因子: --
作者:
D. Robertson;D. Macfarlane
通讯作者: D. Macfarlane
用于遥感的 94 GHz 双模式主动/被动成像仪
DOI: --
发表时间: 2004
期刊: SPIE Security + Defence
影响因子: --
作者:
D. Macfarlane;D. Robertson
通讯作者: D. Robertson
94 GHz 高分辨率远程雷达成像
DOI: --
发表时间: 2006
期刊: SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing
影响因子: --
作者:
D. Robertson;D. Macfarlane
通讯作者: D. Macfarlane