Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004
Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.295.13.1549
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发表时间：
2006-04-05
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Flegal, KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ogden, CL;Carroll, MD;Flegal, KM
背景 几十年来，美国儿童和青少年超重以及成人肥胖的患病率不断增加。目的 提供对儿童和青少年超重以及成人肥胖的患病率和趋势的当前估计。设计、设置和参与者 对 2003-2004 年作为国家健康和营养检查调查的一部分获得的 3958 名 2 至 19 岁儿童和青少年以及 4431 名 20 岁或以上成年人的身高和体重测量结果进行分析(NHANES)，美国人口的全国代表性样本。将 1999-2000 年和 2001-2002 年 NHANES 获得的数据与 2003-2004 年的数据进行比较。 主要结果指标 儿童和青少年超重以及成人肥胖患病率的估计。儿童和青少年超重的定义是年龄增长图表中特定性别体重指数 (BMI) 的第 95 个百分位数或以上。成人肥胖的定义是 BMI 为 30 或更高；极度肥胖的定义是体重指数为40或更高。结果 2003-2004年，17.1%的美国儿童和青少年超重，32.2%的成年人肥胖。男女儿童青少年的趋势检验显着，女童青少年超重患病率从1999-2000年的13.8%上升到2003-2004年的16.0%，男儿童青少年超重患病率从14.0%上升到18.2%。在男性中，肥胖患病率在1999-2000年（27.5%）和2003-2004年（31.1%）之间显着增加。在女性中，1999-2000年（33.4%）和2003-2004年（33.2%）之间没有观察到肥胖率显着增加。 2003-2004年，男性极度肥胖（体重指数≥40）的患病率为2.8%，女性为6.9%。 2003-2004 年，不同种族/民族和年龄的肥胖患病率仍然存在显着差异。大约 30% 的非西班牙裔白人成年人肥胖，45.0% 的非西班牙裔黑人成年人和 36.8% 的墨西哥裔美国人肥胖。 2003-2004年，20-39岁成年人肥胖率为28.5%，40-59岁成年人肥胖率为36.8%，60岁以上成年人肥胖率为31.0%。 结论 1999-2004年6年间，儿童青少年超重率和男性肥胖率显着上升；在妇女中，没有观察到肥胖患病率总体上升。这些估计基于六年的时间，表明男性、儿童和青少年的体重持续增加，而女性的体重可能趋于平稳。
Context The prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents and obesity in adults in the United States has increased over several decades.Objective To provide current estimates of the prevalence and trends of overweight in children and adolescents and obesity in adults.Design, Setting, and Participants Analysis of height and weight measurements from 3958 children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years and 4431 adults aged 20 years or older obtained in 2003-2004 as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ( NHANES), a nationally representative sample of the US population. Data from the NHANES obtained in 1999-2000 and in 2001-2002 were compared with data from 2003-2004.Main Outcome Measures Estimates of the prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents and obesity in adults. Overweight among children and adolescents was defined as at or above the 95th percentile of the sex-specific body mass index (BMI) for age growth charts. Obesity among adults was defined as a BMI of 30 or higher; extreme obesity was defined as a BMI of 40 or higher.Results In 2003-2004, 17.1% of US children and adolescents were overweight and 32.2% of adults were obese. Tests for trend were significant for male and female children and adolescents, indicating an increase in the prevalence of overweight in female children and adolescents from 13.8% in 1999-2000 to 16.0% in 2003-2004 and an increase in the prevalence of overweight in male children and adolescents from 14.0% to 18.2%. Among men, the prevalence of obesity increased significantly between 1999-2000 (27.5%) and 2003-2004 (31.1%). Among women, no significant increase in obesity was observed between 1999-2000 (33.4%) and 2003-2004 (33.2%). The prevalence of extreme obesity ( body mass index >= 40) in 2003-2004 was 2.8% in men and 6.9% in women. In 2003-2004, significant differences in obesity prevalence remained by race/ethnicity and by age. Approximately 30% of non-Hispanic white adults were obese as were 45.0% of non-Hispanic black adults and 36.8% of Mexican Americans. Among adults aged 20 to 39 years, 28.5% were obese while 36.8% of adults aged 40 to 59 years and 31.0% of those aged 60 years or older were obese in 2003-2004.Conclusions The prevalence of overweight among children and adolescents and obesity among men increased significantly during the 6-year period from 1999 to 2004; among women, no overall increases in the prevalence of obesity were observed. These estimates were based on a 6-year period and suggest that the increases in body weight are continuing in men and in children and adolescents while they may be leveling off in women.