Development, current state and future trends of sludge management in China: Based on exploratory data and CO2-equivaient emissions analysis
Development, current state and future trends of sludge management in China: Based on exploratory data and CO2-equivaient emissions analysis
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中国污泥管理的发展、现状和未来趋势：基于探索性数据和二氧化碳当量排放分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2020.106093
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Bai Shunwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wei Liangliang;Zhu Fengyi;Li Qiaoyang;Xue Chonghua;Xia Xinhui;Yu Hang;Zhao Qingliang;Jiang Junqiu;Bai Shunwen
本研究利用1978年以来的观测数据，从来源、技术路线、地理分布和发展等方面统计了我国污泥处理/处置的现状。截至2019年底，中国有5476座城市污水处理厂在运行，污泥年产量达3904万吨（含水率80%）。总体而言，中国29.3%的污泥通过土地应用进行处置，其次是焚烧（26.7%）和卫生填埋（20.1%）。焚烧、堆肥、热水解和厌氧消化是我国污泥处理的主流技术，2019年处理能力分别为27,122、11,250、8342和6944 t/d。焚烧和干燥优先在华东地区建设。东北、华东和华中地区污泥堆肥利用率最高，分别为46.5%、22.4%和12.8%;华东、华北和华中地区污泥厌氧消化利用率最高。2009-2019年，污泥处理设施产能大幅增长，2019年中国温室气体排放总量达到108. 18 × 108 kg CO2当量，四条主要技术路线的贡献分别为：垃圾焚烧（45.11%）>卫生填埋（23.04%）>土地利用（17.64%）>建筑材料（14.21%）。探讨了我国污泥处置面临的挑战和存在的问题，包括CO2排放量高、区域发展不平衡、稳定化和土地利用水平低等。最后，对中国可能采取的技术和管理措施以及发展中国家的可持续污泥管理提出了建议。
This study statistically reported the current state of sludge treatment/disposal in China from the aspects of sources, technical routes, geographical distribution, and development by using observational data after 1978. By the end of 2019, 5476 municipal wastewater treatment plants were operating in China, leading to an annual sludge productivity of 39.04 million tons (80% water content). Overall, 29.3% of the sludge in China was disposed via land application, followed by incineration (26.7%) and sanitary landfills (20.1%). Incineration, compost, thermal hydrolysis and anerobic digestion were the mainstream technologies for sludge treatment in China, with capacities of 27,122, 11,250, 8342 and 6944 t/d in 2019, respectively. Incineration and drying were preferentially constructed in East China. In contrast, sludge compost was most frequently used in Northeast China (46.5%), East China (22.4%) and Central China (12.8%), while anaerobic digestion in East China, North China and Central China. The capacities of sludge facilities exhibited a sharp increase in 2009–2019, with an overall greenhouse gas emissions in China in 2019 reached 108.18 × 108kg CO2-equivaient emissions, and the four main technical routes contributed as: incineration (45.11%) > sanitary landfills (23.04%) > land utilization (17.64%) > building materials (14.21%). Challenges and existing problems of sludge disposal in China, including high CO2emissions, unbalanced regional development, low stabilization and land utilization levels, were discussed. Finally, suggestions regarding potential technical and administrative measures in China, and sustainable sludge management for developing countries, were also given.