Work Tasks that Can Be Done from Home: Evidence on Variation within & Across Occupations and Industries
Work Tasks that Can Be Done from Home: Evidence on Variation within & Across Occupations and Industries
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可以在家完成的工作任务：内部变化的证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Christopher Rauh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abi Adams‐Prassl;Teodora Boneva;M. Golin;Christopher Rauh
使用来自美国和英国的大型地理代表性调查，我们记录了员工在家完成任务的百分比变化。我们强调以前被忽视的异质性的三个方面。首先，可以在家完成的任务的比例在不同职业和行业之间以及内部都有很大差异。在职业、行业和职业-行业配对中，可以在家完成的任务份额的分布是系统的，并且在不同国家和调查波之间非常一致。其次，随着疫情的发展，在那些原本比例就很高的职业中，能够在家完成所有工作的工人比例增加得最多。第三，即使在职业和行业中，我们也发现女性在家做的事情更少。使用机器学习方法，我们将我们的在家工作措施扩展到所有分类的职业-行业对。我们在本文中提出的措施是考虑在家工作可能性的模型的关键输入，包括用于评估大流行影响或设计旨在重新开放经济的政策的模型。
Using large, geographically representative surveys from the US and UK, we document variation in the percentage of tasks workers can do from home. We highlight three dimensions of heterogeneity that have previously been neglected. First, the share of tasks that can be done from home varies considerably both across as well as within occupations and industries. The distribution of the share of tasks that can be done from home within occupations, industries, and occupation-industry pairs is systematic and remarkably consistent across countries and survey waves. Second, as the pandemic has progressed, the share of workers who can do all tasks from home has increased most in those occupations in which the pre-existing share was already high. Third, even within occupations and industries, we find that women can do fewer tasks from home. Using machine-learning methods, we extend our working-from-home measure to all disaggregated occupation-industry pairs. The measure we present in this paper is a critical input for models considering the possibility to work from home, including models used to assess the impact of the pandemic or design policies targeted at reopening the economy.