Early Childhood Media Exposure and Self-Regulation: Bidirectional Longitudinal Associations
Early Childhood Media Exposure and Self-Regulation: Bidirectional Longitudinal Associations
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DOI：
10.1016/j.acap.2018.04.012
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Vella, Stewart A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cliff, Dylan P.;Howard, Steven J.;Vella, Stewart A.
目的：调查：1) 2 岁时媒体接触（电视观看、电脑和电子游戏）与 4 和 6 岁时自我调节之间的前瞻性关联，以及 2）4 和 6 岁时媒体接触与自我调节之间的双向关联。我们假设媒体曝光和自我调节会表现出负向前瞻性关联以及随后的双向反向关联。 方法：使用了澳大利亚儿童全国代表性纵向研究中 2 岁（n = 2786）和 4/6 岁（n = 3527）儿童的数据。主要看护者报告儿童每周接触电子媒体的情况。自我调节的综合衡量标准是根据看护者、教师和观察者报告的数据计算得出的。使用线性回归和交叉滞后面板模型检查协变量。 结果：2 年时较低的电视观看次数和总媒体曝光率与 4 年时较高的自我调节能力相关（两者（β = -0.02；95% 置信区间 [CI] -0.03 至 -0.01）。4 年时较低的自我调节能力也与较高的电视观看次数显着相关（β = -0.15；95% CI， -0.21 至 -0.08）、电子游戏使用（β = -0.05；95% CI，-0.09 至 -0.01）和 6 年总媒体暴露（β = -0.19；95% CI，-0.29 至 -0.09）。然而，4 岁时的媒体暴露与 6 岁时的自我调节无关。结论：尽管 2 年的媒体暴露时间与以后的自我调节，以及 4 岁时的自我调节与后来的媒体曝光有关，但关联程度较小，需要更多的研究来检查内容质量、社会背景、移动媒体使用和儿童自我调节。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate: 1) prospective associations between media exposure (television viewing, computers, and electronic games) at 2 years and self-regulation at 4 and 6 years, and 2) bidirectional associations between media exposure and self regulation at 4 and 6 years. We hypothesized that media exposure and self-regulation would show a negative prospective association and subsequent bidirectional inverse associations.METHODS: Data from the nationally-representative Longitudinal Study of Australian Children when children were aged 2 years (n = 2786) and 4/6 years (n = 3527) were used. Primary caregivers reported children's weekly electronic media exposure. A composite measure of self-regulation was computed from caregiver-, teacher-, and observer-report data. Associations were examined using linear regression and cross-lagged panel models, accounting for covariates.RESULTS: Lower television viewing and total media exposure at 2 years were associated with higher self-regulation at 4 years (both (beta = -0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.03 to -0.01). Lower self-regulation at 4 years was also significantly associated with higher television viewing (beta = -0.15; 95% CI, -0.21 to -0.08), electronic game use (beta = -0.05; 95% CI, -0.09 to -0.01), and total media exposure (beta = -0.19; 95% CI, -0.29 to -0.09) at 6 years. However, media exposure at 4 years was not associated with self-regulation at 6 years.CONCLUSIONS: Although media exposure duration at 2 years was associated with later self-regulation, and self-regulation at 4 years was associated with later media exposure, associations were of small magnitude. More research is needed to examine content quality, social context, and mobile media use and child self-regulation.