Child Maltreatment 1 Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries
Child Maltreatment 1 Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61706-7
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发表时间：
2009-01-03
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Janson, Staffan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilbert, Ruth;Widom, Cathy Spatz;Janson, Staffan
虐待儿童仍然是高收入国家的一个主要公共卫生和社会福利问题。每年约有4-16%的儿童受到身体虐待，十分之一的儿童受到忽视或心理虐待。在童年时期，5%至10%的女孩和高达5%的男孩遭受过插入性虐待，而遭受任何类型性虐待的人数则是这个数字的三倍。然而，经证实的虐待儿童的官方比率表明，这一负担不到十分之一。遭受多种类型和反复发生的虐待与严重虐待和心理后果的风险增加有关。虐待儿童在很大程度上导致儿童死亡和发病，并对心理健康、滥用药物和酒精（特别是女孩）、危险性行为、肥胖和犯罪行为产生长期影响，这些影响持续到成年。从长远来看，性虐待至少与身体虐待或性虐待一样具有破坏性，但受到的科学和公众关注最少。虐待儿童造成的沉重负担和严重的长期后果，要求从幼儿期开始增加对预防和治疗战略的投资。
Child maltreatment remains a major public-health and social-welfare problem in high-income countries. Every year, about 4-16% of children are physicafly abused and one in ten is neglected or psychologically abused. During childhood, between 5% and 10% of girls and up to 5% of boys are exposed to penetrative sexual abuse, and up to three times this number are exposed to any type of sexual abuse. However, official rates for substantiated child maltreatment indicate less than a tenth of this burden. Exposure to multiple types and repeated episodes of maltreatment is associated with increased risks of severe maltreatment and psychological consequences. Child maltreatment substantially contributes to child mortality and morbidity and has longlasting effects on mental health, drug and alcohol misuse (especially in girls), risky sexual behaviour, obesity, and criminal behaviour, which persist into adulthood. Neglect is at least as damaging as physical or sexual abuse in the long term but has received the least scientific and public attention. The high burden and serious and long-term consequences of child maltreatment warrant increased investment in preventive and therapeutic strategies from early childhood.