Source and behavior analyses of dioxins based on congener-specific information and their application to Tokyo Bay basin.
Source and behavior analyses of dioxins based on congener-specific information and their application to Tokyo Bay basin.
复制标题
基于同类信息的二恶英来源和行为分析及其在东京湾流域的应用。
DOI：
10.1016/s0045-6535(03)00009-2
复制
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
J. Nakanishi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Masunaga;Y. Yao;I. Ogura;T. Sakurai;J. Nakanishi
确定污染源并估计其对二恶英污染的贡献对于采取更好的对策是很重要的。基于17个2，3，7，8-氯取代的同系物和10个同系物的信息通常不足以进行来源鉴定。通过主成分分析检验了四氯化到八氯化多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃的详细同系物特定信息的有用性，并与传统的二恶英信息进行了比较。研究表明，同种特定信息比传统信息更能有效地识别来源。在来源解析方面，研究表明，当对单个同系物进行计算时，可以成功地进行具有详细来源同系物轮廓的多元回归分析。这是因为来源二恶英的同系物组成差异很大，而且同系物之间的环境行为也不同。将新提出的统计分析方法应用于东京湾盆地二恶英质量平衡的估算。研究发现，东京湾沉积物柱样中含有三种主要来源的二恶英：燃烧、五氯苯酚(PCP)和氯硝酚(CNP)。PCP和CNP作为杂质含有大量的二恶英，过去在日本被广泛用作稻田除草剂。就毒性当量而言，在过去45年(1951-1995年)期间，这两种除草剂向盆地排放的二恶英总量估计是来自燃烧源的二恶英负荷的五倍(WHO-TEQ)。然而，在海湾表层沉积物中，除草剂的贡献与燃烧的贡献几乎相同。除草剂的贡献在20世纪60年代和70年代达到顶峰，此后逐渐下降。
Identification of pollution sources and estimation of their contribution to dioxin pollution are important for taking better countermeasures against such sources. The information based on seventeen 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted congeners and 10 homologues is usually not sufficient for source identification. The usefulness of detailed congener-specific information of tetra- to octachlorinated polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans was examined by principal component analysis and compared with conventional dioxin information. It was revealed that congener-specific information was far more effective for source identification than conventional information. For source apportioning, it was shown that multiple regression analysis with detailed source congener profiles could be carried out successfully when calculations were performed for individual homologues. This was because of the large variation in homologue composition in source dioxin profiles in addition to the difference in environmental behavior among the homologues. The newly proposed methods for statistical analysis were applied to the estimation of dioxin mass balance in Tokyo Bay basin. It was found that Tokyo Bay sediment core contained dioxins from three major sources: combustion, pentachlorophenol (PCP), and chloronitrophen (CNP). PCP and CNP contained large amounts of dioxin as impurity and were used extensively as paddy field herbicides in Japan in the past. The total dioxin load from the two herbicides to the basin during the past 45 years (1951–1995) was estimated to be five times larger than that from combustion source in terms of toxic equivalents (WHO-TEQ). However, in the surface sediment of the bay, the contribution from the herbicides was nearly equal to that from combustion. The herbicide contribution peaked during the 1960s and 1970s and gradually decreased thereafter.