Analysis of neuronal networks: a review of techniques for labeling axonal projections.
Analysis of neuronal networks: a review of techniques for labeling axonal projections.
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神经元网络分析：轴突投影标记技术综述。
DOI：
10.1002/jemt.1060150403
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ralston3rd,HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ralston3rd,HJ
为了分析脊椎动物中枢神经系统中神经元之间的连接，已经开发了标记已知来源的给定轴突群体的方法，以便它们可以与其他未标记的结构区分开来。三个这样的方法在这里进行审查：实验诱导的orthograde（沃勒）变性，轴突运输放射性蛋白质的放射自显影证明，和轴突运输的大分子，可以进行组织化学反应，产生一个可见的反应产物。每一种方法都有其独特的优点和缺点。退化方法可以区分具有不同纤维直径的不同功能类别的轴突。然而，变性扭曲轴突终末的形态，使它们更难以解释，并且变性终末可以通过吞噬作用迅速去除。放射性末梢的放射自显影保留了正常的精细结构，但必要的曝光时间延长了数周或数月的方法，必须小心区分标记的轴突与其他结构表现出背景或transneuronal放射性。组织化学方法，如用于证明辣根过氧化物酶结合小麦胚芽凝集素（WGA-HRP），是敏感和快速的，但注射部位必须仔细表征，跨神经元标记的存在可能会使结果难以解释。轴突标记的实验方法在研究神经元网络中是非常宝贵的。考虑到要分析的系统的性质，这里描述的每一种方法都可能具有特殊的价值。
In order to analyze connections between neurons in the vetebrate central nervous system, methods have been developed to label a given population of axons of known origin so that they can be differentiated from other, non‐labeled structures. Three such methods are reviewed here: experimentally induced orthograde (Wallerian) degeneration, axon transport of radioactive proteins demonstrated by autoradiography, and axon transport of macromolecules that can be reacted histochemically to yield a visible reaction product. Each of the methods has particular strengths and weaknesses. Degeneration methods may differentiate between different functional classes of axons which have different fiber diameters. However, degeneration distorts the morphology of axon terminals, making them more difficult to interpret, and degenerating terminals may be removed rapidly by phagocytosis. Autoradiography of radioactive terminals preserves normal fine structure, but the necessary exposure times extend the method by weeks or months, and care must be exercised to distinguish labeled axons from other structures exhibiting background or transneuronal radioactivity. Histochemical methods, such as those used to demonstrate horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ lectin (WGA‐HRP), are sensitive and rapid, but the injection site must be carefully characterized, and the presence of transneuronal label may make interpretation of the results difficult.Experimental methods of axonal labeling have been invaluable in studying neuronal networks. Each of the methods described here may be of particular value, given the nature of the system to be analyzed.