Extreme events, energy security and equality through micro- and macro-levels: Concepts, challenges and methods
Extreme events, energy security and equality through micro- and macro-levels: Concepts, challenges and methods
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微观和宏观层面的极端事件、能源安全和平等：概念、挑战和方法
DOI：
10.1016/j.erss.2021.102401
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Wu, Wenbo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Chien-fei;Dietz, Thomas;Fefferman, Nina H.;Greig, Jamie;Cetin, Kristen;Robinson, Caitlin;Arpan, Laura;Schweiker, Marcel;Dong, Bing;Wu, Wenbo
低收入家庭面临能源不安全和不平等的长期挑战。在极端事件期间（例如，这些挑战对于依赖能源维持健康、教育和福祉的弱势群体来说尤其严峻。然而，许多EII研究很少纳入能源和互联网基础设施的弹性和可靠性以及社会心理因素的微观和宏观视角。为了弥补这一差距，我们首先解决极端事件对弱势群体EII的影响。其次，我们评估了EII的驱动因素以及它们在灾害期间如何变化。第三，我们在更广泛的能源系统中解决这些不平等问题，并通过检查基础设施的可靠性和弹性以及可再生技术的作用来确定公平基础设施系统的重要性。然后，我们考虑影响能源消耗的因素，如能源实践，社会心理因素和互联网接入。最后，我们提出了跨学科的研究方法，在极端事件中研究这些问题，并提供建议。
Low-income households face long-standing challenges of energy insecurity and inequality (EII). During extreme events (e.g., disasters and pandemics) these challenges are especially severe for vulnerable populations reliant on energy for health, education, and well-being. However, many EII studies rarely incorporate the micro- and macro-perspectives of resilience and reliability of energy and internet infrastructure and social-psychological factors. To remedy this gap, we first address the impacts of extreme events on EII among vulnerable populations. Second, we evaluate the driving factors of EII and how they change during disasters. Third, we situate these inequalities within broader energy systems and pinpoint the importance of equitable infrastructure systems by examining infrastructure reliability and resilience and the role of renewable technologies. Then, we consider the factors influencing energy consumption, such as energy practices, socio-psychological factors, and internet access. Finally, we propose interdisciplinary research methods to study these issues during extreme events and provide recommendations.