Surfactant from diving aquatic mammals.
Surfactant from diving aquatic mammals.
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来自潜水水生哺乳动物的表面活性剂。
DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00898.2003
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bernhard,Wolfgang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spragg,RogerG;Ponganis,PaulJ;Marsh,JamesJ;Rau,GunnarA;Bernhard,Wolfgang
潜水哺乳动物下降到50-70米或更深的深度时，肺部的气体交换部分完全塌陷，然后随着上升而重新扩张这些区域。为了研究这些动物是否可能已经进化出一种独特的表面活性剂系统，以促进反复肺泡塌陷和扩张，我们分析了表面活性剂的支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）从9鳍足类和猪和人类。与陆生哺乳动物的BAL相比，鳍足类动物的BAL具有更高浓度的磷脂和相对更多的流体磷脂酰胆碱分子种类，这可能是为了促进肺泡再扩张期间的快速扩散。通过免疫测定，鳍足类和陆生哺乳动物的疏水表面活性剂蛋白B和C的标准化浓度没有显著差异，但通过凝胶电泳分离的蛋白质表明，海象表面活性剂中的表面活性剂蛋白B的含量高于人表面活性剂。值得注意的是，表面活性剂从最深的潜水鳍足类产生适度升高的体外最低表面张力测量，蛋白质或中性脂质抑制剂的存在下，不能解释的发现。进一步研究鳍状表面活性剂的组成和功能，有助于优化治疗表面活性剂的设计。
Diving mammals that descend to depths of 50-70 m or greater fully collapse the gas exchanging portions of their lungs and then reexpand these areas with ascent. To investigate whether these animals may have evolved a uniquely developed surfactant system to facilitate repetitive alveolar collapse and expansion, we have analyzed surfactant in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) obtained from nine pinnipeds and from pigs and humans. In contrast to BAL from terrestrial mammals, BAL from pinnipeds has a higher concentration of phospholipid and relatively more fluidic phosphatidylcholine molecular species, perhaps to facilitate rapid spreading during alveolar reexpansion. Normalized concentrations of hydrophobic surfactant proteins B and C were not significantly different among pinnipeds and terrestrial mammals by immunologic assay, but separation of proteins by gel electrophoresis indicated a greater content of surfactant protein B in elephant seal surfactant than in human surfactant. Remarkably, surfactant from the deepest diving pinnipeds produced moderately elevated in vitro minimum surface tension measurements, a finding not explained by the presence of protein or neutral lipid inhibitors. Further study of the composition and function of pinniped surfactants may contribute to the design of optimized therapeutic surfactants.
识别和测量老年人的酒精滥用：现有仪器的严重问题。
DOI：
10.15288/jsa.1986.47.322
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
Journal of studies on alcohol
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Graham
通讯作者：
K. Graham