Primordial black holes from scalar field evolution in the early universe
Primordial black holes from scalar field evolution in the early universe
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早期宇宙中标量场演化的原始黑洞
DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.96.103002
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
A. Kusenko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eric Cotner;A. Kusenko
具有大期望值的标量凝聚可以在早期宇宙中形成，例如，在超对称理论中。凝聚体在衰变之前可以分裂成Q球。如果Q球在一段时间内占据能量密度的主导地位，那么它们的数量密度的统计波动可能导致原始黑洞（PBH）的形成。在超对称性的情况下，质量范围从上到下受到10 ^{23} g的限制。对于一般的带电标量场，这种强大的机制可以在更广泛的质量范围内产生黑洞，包括质量为1-100太阳质量的黑洞，这与引力波的LIGO观测有关。拓扑缺陷可以以类似的方式导致PBH的形成。
Scalar condensates with large expectation values can form in the early universe, for example, in theories with supersymmetry. The condensate can undergo fragmentation into Q-balls before decaying. If the Q-balls dominate the energy density for some period of time, statistical fluctuations in their number density can lead to formation of primordial black holes (PBH). In the case of supersymmetry the mass range is limited from above by $10^{23}$g. For a general charged scalar field, this robust mechanism can generate black holes over a much broader mass range, including the black holes with masses of 1-100 solar masses, which is relevant for LIGO observations of gravitational waves. Topological defects can lead to formation of PBH in a similar fashion.