Asterix/Gtsf1 links tRNAs and piRNA silencing of retrotransposons.

Asterix/Gtsf1 links tRNAs and piRNA silencing of retrotransposons.
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Asterix/Gtsf1 连接反转录转座子的 tRNA 和 piRNA 沉默。

DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108914
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发表时间:
2021-03-30
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Joshua-Tor L
Joshua-Tor L
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ipsaro JJ;O'Brien PA;Bhattacharya S;Palmer AG 3rd;Joshua-Tor L

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PiRNA途径通过沉默生殖系中的转座元件(转座子)来保护基因组的完整性。虽然Piwi是核心的piRNA因子,但包括Asterix/Gtsf1在内的其他因子也被证明是有效沉默的关键。在这里,使用eCLIP和一个定制的信息管道,我们证明了Asterix/Gtsf1在细胞环境中专门结合了tRNA。我们通过核磁共振波谱确定了小鼠Gtsf1的结构,并在蛋白质的第一个锌指上鉴定了RNA结合界面,这一点得到了生化分析以及Gtsf1与共纯化tRNA的复合物的冷冻电子显微镜结构的证实。鉴于已知的LTR反转录转座子对tRNAs的依赖,我们怀疑并证明了LTR反转录转座子实际上在Asterix突变体中优先被去抑制。综上所述,这些发现将Asterix/Gtsf1、tRNAs和LTR逆转录转座子沉默联系在一起,并表明Asterix利用对tRNA的依赖来识别转座子转录并促进piRNA沉默。
The piRNA pathway safeguards genomic integrity by silencing transposable elements (transposons) in the germline. While Piwi is the central piRNA factor, others including Asterix/Gtsf1 have also been demonstrated to be critical for effective silencing. Here, using eCLIP with a custom informatic pipeline, we show that Asterix/Gtsf1 specifically binds tRNAs in cellular contexts. We determined the structure of mouse Gtsf1 by NMR spectroscopy and identified the RNA binding interface on the protein’s first zinc finger, which was corroborated by biochemical analysis as well as cryo-EM structures of Gtsf1 in complex with co-purifying tRNA. Given the known dependence of LTR retrotransposons on tRNAs primers, we suspected then demonstrated that LTR retrotransposons are in fact preferentially de-repressed in Asterix mutants. Together, these findings link Asterix/Gtsf1, tRNAs, and LTR retrotransposon silencing, and suggest that Asterix exploits tRNA dependence to identify transposon transcripts and promote piRNA silencing.
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