Discrimination in the United States: Experiences of Native Americans
Discrimination in the United States: Experiences of Native Americans
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DOI：
10.1111/1475-6773.13224
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发表时间：
2019-10-27
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Miller, Carolyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Findling, Mary G.;Casey, Logan S.;Miller, Carolyn
目的研究报告的种族歧视和骚扰对美洲原住民，这在很大程度上有助于不良的健康结果。数据来源和研究设计数据来自2017年1月至4月进行的全国代表性、基于概率的电话调查，包括342名美国原住民和902名白色美国成年人。方法我们计算了美国原住民在包括医疗保健在内的几个领域报告歧视的百分比。我们使用逻辑回归来比较土著美国人与白人在歧视几率上的差异，并在土著美国人中进行探索性分析，仅检查社会经济和地理/邻里特征的变化。超过五分之一的美国原住民（23%）报告在临床遭遇中受到歧视，而15%的人由于预期的歧视而避免为自己或家人寻求医疗保健。值得注意的是，美国原住民中有38%的人表示他们或家人曾遭受暴力侵害，34%的人表示曾受到威胁或骚扰。在调整后的模型中，美洲原住民在几个领域报告歧视的几率高于白人，包括医疗保健和与警察/法院的互动。在探索性分析中，地理/邻里特征与美洲原住民之间的歧视之间的关联是混合的。结论歧视和骚扰被广泛报道的美洲原住民在他们生活的多个领域，无论地理或邻里环境。美洲原住民报告说，与白人相比，在机构的公平待遇方面存在重大差距，特别是在医疗保健和警察/法院方面。结果表明，对美洲原住民的现代形式的歧视和骚扰是系统性和未经处理的问题。
Objective To examine reported racial discrimination and harassment against Native Americans, which broadly contribute to poor health outcomes. Data Source and Study Design Data come from a nationally representative, probability-based telephone survey including 342 Native American and 902 white US adults, conducted January-April 2017. Methods We calculated the percent of Native Americans reporting discrimination in several domains, including health care. We used logistic regression to compare the Native American-white difference in odds of discrimination and conducted exploratory analyses among Native Americans only to examine variation by socioeconomic and geographic/neighborhood characteristics. Principal Findings More than one in five Native Americans (23 percent) reported experiencing discrimination in clinical encounters, while 15 percent avoided seeking health care for themselves or family members due to anticipated discrimination. A notable share of Native Americans also reported they or family members have experienced violence (38 percent) or have been threatened or harassed (34 percent). In adjusted models, Native Americans had higher odds than whites of reporting discrimination across several domains, including health care and interactions with the police/courts. In exploratory analyses, the association between geographic/neighborhood characteristics and discrimination among Native Americans was mixed. Conclusions Discrimination and harassment are widely reported by Native Americans across multiple domains of their lives, regardless of geographic or neighborhood context. Native Americans report major disparities compared to whites in fair treatment by institutions, particularly with health care and police/courts. Results suggest modern forms of discrimination and harassment against Native Americans are systemic and untreated problems.