The perceptual determinants of person construal: Reopening the social-cognitive toolbox
The perceptual determinants of person construal: Reopening the social-cognitive toolbox
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.88.6.885
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Macrae, CN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cloutier, J;Mason, MF;Macrae, CN
在社会认知功能的启发式解释的指导下，研究人员试图确定从对人进行分类的方法中获得的认知益处。虽然揭示，这项工作忽略了这样一个事实，即在应用分类思维作为一种节约的心理工具之前，感知者必须首先从可用的刺激线索中提取类别触发信息。因此，基本的感知过程也可能有助于人们以基于类别的方式看待他人的倾向。在3个实验中探索了这种可能性，在这些实验中，作者研究了感知者在最佳和次最佳（即，反转的面部、模糊的面部、快速呈现的面部）处理条件。结果证实，从面孔中提取分类知识的效率高于身份相关知识，这一发现强调了感知操作在分类思维产生中的重要性。
Guided by a heuristic account of social-cognitive functioning, researchers have attempted to identify the cognitive benefits that derive from a categorical approach to person construal. While revealing, this work has overlooked the fact that, prior to the application of categorical thinking as an economizing mental tool, perceivers must first extract category-triggering information from available stimulus cues. It is possible, therefore, that basic perceptual processes may also contribute to people's propensity to view others in a category-based manner. This possibility was explored in 3 experiments in which the authors investigated the ease with which perceivers can extract categorical and identity-based knowledge from faces under both optimal and suboptimal (i.e., inverted faces, blurred faces, rapidly presented faces) processing conditions. The results confirmed that categorical knowledge is extracted from faces more efficiently than identity-related knowledge, a finding that underscores the importance of perceptual operations in the generation of categorical thinking.