Regulation of chromatin structure by long noncoding RNAs: focus on natural antisense transcripts.

Regulation of chromatin structure by long noncoding RNAs: focus on natural antisense transcripts.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tig.2012.03.013
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发表时间:
2012-08
期刊:
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Wahlestedt, Claes
Wahlestedt, Claes
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Magistri, Marco;Faghihi, Mohammad Ali;St Laurent, Georges, III;Wahlestedt, Claes

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在人类基因组发表后的十年里,非编码RNA(ncRNA)重塑了我们对基因组调控的广泛理解。在此期间,天然反义转录物(NAT),这是从蛋白质或非蛋白质编码基因的相反链转录,已经突出。最近的研究表明,NAT可以发挥其调控功能,作为基因表达和染色质重塑的表观遗传调节。在这里,我们回顾了最近的工作的表观遗传修饰的机制,NAT和他们的新兴作用,作为主调节染色质状态。与其他长ncRNA不同,反义RNA通常通过在特定基因组位点桥接表观遗传效应物和调控复合物来调控其对应的正义mRNA切割。了解NAT的广泛影响将有助于阐明在发育和疾病中调节染色质重塑和基因表达的复杂机制。
In the decade following the publication of the Human Genome, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have reshaped our understanding of the broad landscape of genome regulation. During this period, natural antisense transcripts (NATs), which are transcribed from the opposite strand of either protein or non-protein coding genes, have vaulted to prominence. Recent findings have shown that NATs can exert their regulatory functions by acting as epigenetic regulators of gene expression and chromatin remodeling. Here, we review recent work on the mechanisms of epigenetic modifications by NATs and their emerging role as master regulators of chromatin states. Unlike other long ncRNAs, antisense RNAs usually regulate their counterpart sense mRNA incisby bridging epigenetic effectors and regulatory complexes at specific genomic loci. Understanding the broad range of effects of NATs will shed light on the complex mechanisms that regulate chromatin remodeling and gene expression in development and disease.
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