The Interplay between the Hippocampus and Amygdala in Regulating Aberrant Hippocampal Neurogenesis during Protracted Abstinence from Alcohol Dependence.
The Interplay between the Hippocampus and Amygdala in Regulating Aberrant Hippocampal Neurogenesis during Protracted Abstinence from Alcohol Dependence.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00061
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Mandyam CD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mandyam CD
酒精依赖的发展涉及焦虑加剧，情绪低落，对压力的敏感性增加，统称为负面影响。特别有趣的是最近积累的证据表明，下丘脑外应激系统敏感[例如，在戒断依赖大鼠中，延长的杏仁核中的高肾上腺素能活动、钝化的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）激素水平、改变的促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子信号传导和改变的糖皮质激素受体信号传导]是明显的，支持延长的杏仁核中的病理性神经适应有助于负性情感状态的假设。值得注意的是，在戒断依赖大鼠中观察到海马神经毒性，表现为异常齿状回（DG）神经发生（神经发生是成年海马颗粒下区的神经干细胞产生DG颗粒细胞神经元的过程）和DG神经变性。依赖大鼠的戒断和异常神经发生之间的这些相关性表明，DG的改变可以假设是由于受损的HPA轴活动和相关的hyperamatergic活动起源于戒断依赖大鼠的基底外侧杏仁核。这篇综述讨论了扩展杏仁核应激系统的神经适应性和由此产生的病理可塑性之间的可能联系，可以促进招聘新的情绪记忆回路在海马异常DG神经发生的功能。
The development of alcohol dependence involves elevated anxiety, low mood, and increased sensitivity to stress, collectively labeled negative affect. Particularly interesting is the recent accumulating evidence that sensitized extrahypothalamic stress systems [e.g., hyperglutamatergic activity, blunted hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) hormonal levels, altered corticotropin-releasing factor signaling, and altered glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the extended amygdala] are evident in withdrawn dependent rats, supporting the hypothesis that pathological neuroadaptations in the extended amygdala contribute to the negative affective state. Notably, hippocampal neurotoxicity observed as aberrant dentate gyrus (DG) neurogenesis (neurogenesis is a process where neural stem cells in the adult hippocampal subgranular zone generate DG granule cell neurons) and DG neurodegeneration are observed in withdrawn dependent rats. These correlations between withdrawal and aberrant neurogenesis in dependent rats suggest that alterations in the DG could be hypothesized to be due to compromised HPA axis activity and associated hyperglutamatergic activity originating from the basolateral amygdala in withdrawn dependent rats. This review discusses a possible link between the neuroadaptations in the extended amygdala stress systems and the resulting pathological plasticity that could facilitate recruitment of new emotional memory circuits in the hippocampus as a function of aberrant DG neurogenesis.