Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Pore Water Chemistry in the Inter-Tidal Zone of a High Energy Beach
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Pore Water Chemistry in the Inter-Tidal Zone of a High Energy Beach
复制标题
高能海滩潮间带孔隙水化学时空格局
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
T. Dittmar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hannelore Waska;J. Greskowiak;J. Ahrens;M. Beck;S. Ahmerkamp;P. Böning;H. Brumsack;J. Degenhardt;C. Ehlert;B. Engelen;N. Grünenbaum;M. Holtappels;K. Pahnke;H. Marchant;G. Massmann;D. Meier;B. Schnetger;K. Schwalfenberg;H. Simon;V. Vandieken;O. Zielinski;T. Dittmar
海底地下水排放（SGD）是大气淡水地下水和循环海水到沿海海洋的普遍来源。由于SGD的隐藏分布，以及水力和地层驱动的空间和时间的不均匀性，迄今为止最大的挑战之一是正确评估SGD驱动的组分通量。在这里，我们提出了一个三维的季节性采样活动的浅层地下河口的高能量，中潮海滩，Spiekeroog岛，北方德国。我们确定了海滩地形，并分析了物理化学和海洋地球化学参数，如盐度，温度，溶解氧，铁（II）和溶解有机物荧光（FDOM）。总体而言，在孔隙水化学的最高梯度被发现在跨海岸方向。特别是，一个强大的物理化学分化之间的潮汐高水位和低水位线被发现，并反映了相对稳定的，在这些地区的渗出条件。与此相反，在现有的前滨山脊和隧道系统的孔隙水组成是非常不均匀的空间和时间尺度上。这一观测结果的原因可能是全年发生的强烈形态变化，这影响了山脊和隧道结构的确切位置和高度以及相关的流动路径。此外，温度和内陆水头的季节性变化以及对微生物介导的氧化还原反应的相关影响可能会覆盖这些模式。在沿岸方向的孔隙水化学变化小于沿着跨岸方向。沿岸方向的变化可能是由于山脊-隧道结构的地形变化和沉积物的物理不均匀性，从而产生不均匀的地下水流条件。我们的结论是，在中潮高能量海滩，快速变化的海滩形态产生不同的近似稳定状态的条件区。因此，我们建议，特定区域的端元采样是最佳的策略，以减少SGD驱动的组分通量的不确定性。
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a ubiquitous source of meteoric fresh groundwater and recirculating seawater to the coastal ocean. Due to the hidden distribution of SGD, as well as the hydraulic- and stratigraphy-driven spatial and temporal heterogeneities, one of the biggest challenges to date is the correct assessment of SGD-driven constituent fluxes. Here, we present results from a 3-dimensional seasonal sampling campaign of a shallow subterranean estuary in a high-energy, meso-tidal beach, Spiekeroog Island, Northern Germany. We determined beach topography and analyzed physico-chemical and biogeochemical parameters such as salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, Fe(II) and dissolved organic matter fluorescence (FDOM). Overall, the highest gradients in pore water chemistry were found in the cross-shore direction. In particular, a strong physico-chemical differentiation between the tidal high water and low water line was found and reflected relatively stable in- and exfiltrating conditions in these areas. Contrastingly, in between, the pore water compositions in the existing foreshore ridge and runnel system were very heterogeneous on a spatial and temporal scale. The reasons for this observation may be the strong morphological changes that occur throughout the entire year, which affect the exact locations and heights of the ridge and runnel structures and associated flow paths. Further, seasonal changes in temperature and inland hydraulic head, and the associated effect on microbial mediated redox reactions likely overprint these patterns. In the long-shore direction the pore water chemistry varied less than the along the cross-shore direction. Variation in long-shore direction was probably occurring due to topography changes of the ridge-runnel structure and a physical heterogeneity of the sediment, which produced non-uniform groundwater flow conditions. We conclude that on meso-tidal high energy beaches, the rapidly changing beach morphology produces zones with different approximations to steady-state conditions. Therefore, we suggest that zone-specific endmember sampling is the optimal strategy to reduce uncertainties of SGD-driven constituent fluxes.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Stephan L. Seibert;T. Holt;Anja Reckhardt;J. Ahrens;M. Beck;T. Pollmann;L. Giani;Hannelore Waska;M. Böttcher;J. Greskowiak;G. Massmann
通讯作者：
Stephan L. Seibert;T. Holt;Anja Reckhardt;J. Ahrens;M. Beck;T. Pollmann;L. Giani;Hannelore Waska;M. Böttcher;J. Greskowiak;G. Massmann
北海东南部沙滩系统的近海和近海大型动物群落及其自然环境
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Kröncke;Becker;Badewien;Bartholomä;Schulz;Zielinski
通讯作者：
Zielinski
影响因子：
3
作者：
Beck, Melanie;Reckhardt, Anja;Zielinski, Oliver
通讯作者：
Zielinski, Oliver