Control processes and self-organization as complementary principles underlying behavior
Control processes and self-organization as complementary principles underlying behavior
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DOI：
10.1207/s15327957pspr0604_05
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Scheier, MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carver, CS;Scheier, MF
本文讨论了行为的自我调节控制过程模型和动态系统模型之间的收敛性和互补性。控制过程观点认为，人们心中有一个目标，并试图朝着它前进（或远离它），监测目标与当前状态之间的差异程度，并采取措施减少（或扩大）差异。动态系统模型倾向于强调自下而上的自组织过程，在这个过程中，一种一致性来自于许多同时发生的影响，使系统朝着吸引子移动，远离排斥子。我们认为，这些不同的重点反映了两个方面的一个更复杂的现实，涉及两种类型的过程。讨论的重点是如何自组织可能会发生在反馈系统的组成元素的输入功能，输出功能，并正在使用的系统的目标值，以及如何反馈过程本身可以反映自组织的倾向。
This article addresses the convergence and complementarity between self-regulatory control-process models of behavior and dynamic systems models. The control-process view holds that people have, a goal in mind and try to move toward it (or away from it), monitoring the extent to which a discrepancy remains between the goal and one's present state and taking steps to reduce the discrepancy (or enlarge it). Dynamic systems models tend to emphasize a bottom-up self-organization process, in which a coherence arises from among many simultaneous influences, moving the system toward attractors and away from repellers. We suggest that these differences in emphasis reflect two facets of a more complex reality involving both types of Processes. Discussion focuses on how self-organization may occur within constituent elements of a feedback system-the input function, the output function, and goal values being used by the system-and how feedback processes themselves can reflect self-organizing tendencies.