Water-Saving Traits Can Protect Wheat Grain Number Under Progressive Soil Drying at the Meiotic Stage: A Phenotyping Approach
Water-Saving Traits Can Protect Wheat Grain Number Under Progressive Soil Drying at the Meiotic Stage: A Phenotyping Approach
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DOI：
10.1007/s00344-019-09956-3
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Kettlewell, Peter S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Faralli, Michele;Williams, Kevin S.;Kettlewell, Peter S.
在小麦中，花粉母细胞减数分裂期间的水分亏缺大大降低了结实率和籽粒数。在水分胁迫下，利用保守的水分利用策略是避免小麦籽粒损失和保持小麦生产力的一个有前途的选择。在这项工作中，两个品种已知适应不同的环境进行了研究。水分胁迫，有或没有聚合物喷雾已知减少气孔导度，施加到两个品种减数分裂前。在表型分析平台中进行了两个实验，以（1）评估和验证投影叶面积的每日非破坏性估计，以及（2）评估整个减数分裂期的不同用水（WU）策略及其对生理和产量构成的影响。Gladius显示出一个升高的断点（BP）在回归的WU对部分可透性土壤水（FTSW）的日常和夜间WU表明更高的保守的全株反应相比，百丽宫。与此同时，Gladius保持旗叶气体交换与一个显着的减少，在类似的0.2 FTSW只有，表明一个解耦的机制WU减少，优化水资源可用于旗叶气体交换的维护。在土壤逐步干燥条件下，Paragon在GS 41胁迫下的分蘖结实率和籽粒数显著降低（p < 0.05），从而导致植株水平上的籽粒产量和籽粒数低于Gladius。聚合物诱导的蒸腾作用的减少是潜在的有用的，当施加到非保守应力Paragon，保持较高的FTSW，水分利用效率和RWC在渐进的土壤干燥处理。这导致比应激的Paragon对照更好的结实（p < 0.05）和谷粒数量保持（p < 0.05）。我们的结论是，在这项工作中检测到的不同的保守性状，保护减数分裂前后的籽粒发育，从而保持在水分限制条件下的粒数。此外，非保守基因型（通常具有更大的预期产量潜力）可以通过使用聚合物喷雾减少其用水量来保护关键阶段。因此，未来的努力可以将作物育种和管理战略结合起来，在小麦和其他可能的谷物的早期生殖阶段实现抗旱能力。
In wheat, water deficit during meiosis of pollen mother cells greatly reduces seed set and grain number. A promising option to avoid grain losses and maintain wheat productivity under water stress is to exploit conservative water-use strategies during reproduction. In this work, two cultivars known to be adapted to different environments were studied. Water stress, with or without a polymer spray known to reduce stomatal conductance, was applied to both cultivars just prior to meiosis. Two experiments were carried out in a phenotyping platform to (1) assess and validate daily non-destructive estimation of projected leaf area and to (2) evaluate different water-use (WU) strategies across the meiotic period and their effect on physiology and yield components. Gladius displays an elevated breakpoint (BP) in the regression of WU against fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) for both daily and night-time WU suggesting higher conservative whole-plant response when compared to Paragon. At the same time, Gladius maintained flag leaf gas-exchange with a significant reduction at similar to 0.2 FTSW only, suggesting an uncoupled mechanism of WU reduction that optimized the water resource available for flag leaf gas-exchange maintenance. Under progressive soil drying, seed set and grain number of tillers stressed at GS41 were significantly reduced in Paragon (p < 0.05) thus leading to lower grain yield and grain number at plant level than Gladius. Polymer-induced reduction of transpiration is potentially useful when applied to the non-conservative stressed Paragon, maintaining higher FTSW, water-use efficiency and RWC during the progressive soil drying treatment. This led to better seed set (p < 0.05) and grain number maintenance (p < 0.05) than in the stressed Paragon control. We conclude that the different conservative traits detected in this work, protect grain development around meiosis and therefore maintain grain number under water-limiting conditions. Additionally, non-conservative genotypes (often with a greater expected yield potential) can be protected at key stages by reducing their water use with a polymer spray. Thus, future efforts can integrate both crop breeding and management strategies to achieve drought-resilience during the early reproductive phase in wheat and potentially other cereals.