Alcohol and its relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
Alcohol and its relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
复制标题
酒精及其与全因死亡率和心血管死亡率的关系。
DOI：
10.2143/ac.55.3.2005732
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
S. Sasaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Sasaki
有大量证据表明，轻度至中度饮酒与缺血性心脏病（IHD）死亡率降低有关。然而，在许多关于饮酒和IHD死亡率的前瞻性研究中观察到L形饱和曲线。如果每天消耗超过30克乙醇，预计不会进一步降低风险。在生态学研究中，特别是葡萄酒与IHD死亡率呈强烈的负相关。葡萄酒的这种可能的特定作用尚未在观察性前瞻性研究中得到证实。生态学研究中发现的证据可能部分解释为与饮酒有关的几种健康饮食习惯。尽管前瞻性研究的结果对中风死亡率的影响不太一致，但在每天饮用10 - 20克乙醇的饮酒者中观察到最大的风险降低，然后风险增加。然而，由于酒精对缺血性和出血性卒中的作用是相反的，因此需要进一步研究卒中的类型。几项前瞻性研究表明，男性和女性的饮酒量与全因死亡率之间存在J形曲线。这通常被解释为轻度饮酒者中IHD和中风死亡率的风险降低。考虑到轻度至中度饮酒者全因死亡的风险降低有限，而且降低幅度很小，而且大量饮酒具有明显的有害影响，因此不建议在人口一级普遍增加饮酒量。
There exists a considerable body of evidence indicating that light-to-moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced mortality from ischaemic heart disease (IHD). However, an L-shaped saturation curve has been observed in many prospective studies on alcohol consumption and IHD mortality. No further risk reduction is expected if more than 30 grams of ethanol per day is consumed. In ecological studies, particularly wine showed a strongly negative correlation with IHD mortality. This possible specific effect of wine has not yet been confirmed in observational prospective studies. The evidence found in the ecological studies may partly be explained by several healthy dietary habits associated with wine drinking. Although the results of the prospective studies are less consistent for stroke mortality, the largest risk reduction was observed among the drinkers with 10-20 grams of ethanol per day, and then the risk increased. However as an opposite effect of alcohol is expected to ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke, further studies with consideration to the type of stroke are needed. Several prospective studies demonstrated a J-shaped curve between alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality both in men and women. It is usually explained by a risk reduction of mortality from IHD and stroke among light drinkers. Considering that the risk reduction for all-cause mortality is limited in light-to-moderate drinkers and the reduction is small and that heavy alcohol consumption has an apparently harmful effect, a general increase in alcohol consumption at the population level is not recommended.