Laser-driven particle and photon beams and some applications
Laser-driven particle and photon beams and some applications
复制标题
DOI：
10.1088/1367-2630/12/4/045005
复制
发表时间：
2010-04-30
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Galster, W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ledingham, K. W. D.;Galster, W.
在过去的10年里，高功率激光技术取得了显著的进步，激光功率达到了PW(PW)值。目前，世界各地有15台PW激光器正在建造或正在建造中，计划开发新的、甚至更高功率的激光器，达到艾瓦(EW)甚至泽瓦(ZW)功率。拍瓦激光产生10(12)Vm(-1)的电场，总脉冲能量的很大一部分被转化为能量超过1GeV的相对论电子。反过来，这些电子会产生质子、重离子、中子和高能光子束。这些激光驱动的粒子束鼓励许多人考虑进行通常与传统核加速器和反应堆相关的实验。为此目的，以“激光核物理”(Ledingham and Norreys，1999)为试题撰写了一些介绍性文章。太棒了。40 367，莱丁汉等人，2002年欧洲。新闻。33 120，Ledingham et al 2003 Science 300 1107，Takabe et al 2001 J.等离子体融合研究77 1094)。然而，在过去的三四年里，激光技术取得了更大的进步，现在是重新评估激光驱动的粒子束和光子束的潜力的时候了。必须从一开始就承认，到目前为止，激光驱动的粒子束还没有以任何方式与传统的核加速器产生的光束竞争，所以这不是一篇比较激光和传统加速器的论文。然而，作为对现实的检验，论文中偶尔会提到常规核加速器能做什么。
Outstanding progress has been made in high-power laser technology in the last 10 years with laser powers reaching petawatt (PW) values. At present, there are 15 PW lasers built or being built around the world and plans are afoot for new, even higher power, lasers reaching values of exawatt (EW) or even zetawatt (ZW) powers. Petawatt lasers generate electric fields of 10(12) Vm(-1) with a large fraction of the total pulse energy being converted to relativistic electrons with energies reaching in excess of 1 GeV. In turn these electrons result in the generation of beams of protons, heavy ions, neutrons and high-energy photons. These laser-driven particle beams have encouraged many to think of carrying out experiments normally associated with conventional nuclear accelerators and reactors. To this end a number of introductory articles have been written under a trial name 'Laser Nuclear Physics' (Ledingham and Norreys 1999 Contemp. Phys. 40 367, Ledingham et al 2002 Europhys. News. 33 120, Ledingham et al 2003 Science 300 1107, Takabe et al 2001 J. Plasma Fusion Res. 77 1094). However, even greater strides have been made in the last 3 or 4 years in laser technology and it is timely to reassess the potential of laser-driven particle and photon beams. It must be acknowledged right from the outset that to date laser-driven particle beams have yet to compete favourably with conventional nuclear accelerator-generated beams in any way and so this is not a paper comparing laser and conventional accelerators. However, occasionally throughout the paper as a reality check, it will be mentioned what conventional nuclear accelerators can do.