Schizotypal traits impact upon executive working memory and aspects of IQ
Schizotypal traits impact upon executive working memory and aspects of IQ
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psychres.2007.04.006
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发表时间：
2008-05-30
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Langdon, Robyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matheson, Sandra;Langdon, Robyn
之前关于工作记忆功能障碍和非临床分裂类型的负面方面之间联系的不一致发现，被解读为对“消极精神倾向”的连续性模式产生了怀疑。本研究使用字母数字排序(LNS)任务和连线测验来评估要求更高的执行性工作记忆。第二个考虑是排除家族性精神分裂症可能的中介作用。有人假设，即使在没有家族性精神分裂症的情况下，执行工作记忆损害也主要与消极的分裂类型有关，而不是积极的分裂类型。控制智商的矩阵推理。在87名没有已知精神分裂症家族史的大学生参与者中，LNS得分较低与较高水平的消极和积极分裂类型特征有关。与预期相反，矩阵推理分数也与分裂类型有关，主要是认知/知觉特征。当包括有已知精神分裂症家族史的参与者(10人)时，结果是相似的(N=97)。研究结果支持这一观点，即执行性工作记忆受损(由LNS索引)是消极(也可能是积极的)精神分裂症易感性的可靠认知标记物，独立于家族性精神分裂症，并首次表明，在非临床分裂类型中，智商的某些方面(例如归纳推理)也可能受到损害。(C)2007爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
Previous inconsistent findings concerning a link between working memory dysfunction and negative aspects of non-clinical schizotypy have been interpreted to cast doubt on the continuity model of 'negative psychosis-proneness'. This study employed the Letter-Number-Sequencing (LNS) task and the Trail-Making Test to assess more demanding, executive working memory. A secondary concern was to rule out possible mediating effects of familial schizophrenia. It was hypothesised that executive working memory impairment would be associated primarily with negative rather than positive schizotypy even in the absence of familial schizophrenia. Matrix reasoning controlled for IQ. In 87 university-student participants with no known family history of schizophrenia, lower LNS scores were associated with higher levels of negative and positive schizotypy traits. Counter to expectations, matrix reasoning scores were also associated with schizotypy, primarily the cognitive/perceptual traits. Results were similar when participants with a known family history of schizophrenia (10) were included (N=97). Findings support the view that impairment of executive working memory (indexed by LNS) is a reliable cognitive marker for negative (and perhaps also positive) schizophrenia vulnerability, independent of familial schizophrenia, and provide the first indication that some facets of IQ (e.g. inductive reasoning) might also be compromised in non-clinical schizotypy. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.