Subplate Neurons as an Organizer of Mammalian Neocortical Development
Subplate Neurons as an Organizer of Mammalian Neocortical Development
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DOI：
10.3389/fnana.2020.00008
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
C. Ohtaka-Maruyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Ohtaka-Maruyama
板下神经元（SpN）是发育中的大脑皮层中最早出生和成熟的神经元之一，在新皮层的早期发育中发挥着重要作用。众所周知，SpN 在丘脑皮质轴突 (TCA) 寻路和建立从丘脑到皮质第四层的第一个神经回路中发挥着重要作用。除了这一功能外，最近在小鼠皮质生成中发现，SpNs 在胚胎中期径向神经元迁移的调节中发挥着重要作用。此外，越来越多的研究揭示了 SpN 在成人大脑功能中可能发挥的作用，以及它们与精神或其他神经系统疾病的关系。由于 SpN 是哺乳动物所独有的，因此它们可能通过在皮质发生的有限胚胎期有效地组织皮质形成而促进了哺乳动物新皮质的进化。通过增加对 SpN 功能的了解，我们将阐明 SpN 如何充当哺乳动物新皮质形成的组织者。
Subplate neurons (SpNs) are one of the earliest born and matured neurons in the developing cerebral cortex and play an important role in the early development of the neocortex. It has been known that SpNs have an essential role in thalamocortical axon (TCA) pathfinding and the establishment of the first neural circuit from the thalamus towards cortical layer IV. In addition to this function, it has recently been revealed in mouse corticogenesis that SpNs play an important role in the regulation of radial neuronal migration during the mid-embryonic stage. Moreover, accumulating studies throw light on the possible roles of SpNs in adult brain functions and also their involvement in psychiatric or other neurological disorders. As SpNs are unique to mammals, they may have contributed to the evolution of the mammalian neocortex by efficiently organizing cortical formation during the limited embryonic period of corticogenesis. By increasing our knowledge of the functions of SpNs, we will clarify how SpNs act as an organizer of mammalian neocortical formation.