Determinants of urban-rural land surface temperature differences - A landscape scale perspective
Determinants of urban-rural land surface temperature differences - A landscape scale perspective
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.10.003
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Leitinger, Georg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heinl, Michael;Hammerle, Albin;Leitinger, Georg
众所周知，城市地区的局部气候与周围的农村景观不同，温度差异构成了城市热岛（UHI）。尽管被描述为“加热岛”，但城市并没有与环境隔绝。但是，只有少数研究尊重城市热岛作为一个相对的措施，并考虑在他们的城市热岛评估的温度水平和周围景观的驱动程序。一系列的124个Landsat卫星图像跨越四十年，用于获得土地表面温度（LST）的77个城市地区（20和1 600公顷之间）及其周围地区的南蒂罗尔省，北方意大利。这些数据用于计算城乡LST差异（Delta LSTUHI）和NDVI差异（Delta NDVI），以量化城市热岛效应。Δ LSTUHI记录在1.0 K和8.1 K之间，平均Δ LSTUHI为4.2 K。结果表明，对于小于1 km的小城市，Delta LSTUHI效应已经很明显（2），但对于小于10 km的城市地区，城市规模对Delta LSTUHI量级的重要性很小（2）。城乡地表温差（Delta LSTUHI）被确定为主要由Delta NDVI驱动，以及太阳辐照度和土地利用。提供了Δ AST（UHI）极值发生的阈值。景观和城市规划的影响，强调考虑周围的景观定量评估城市热岛强度的至关重要性。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Urban areas are known to have a local climate different from that of surrounding rural landscapes and the temperature difference constitutes an urban heat island (UHI). Despite being described as 'heating islands', cities are not isolated from their environment. But only few studies respect the UHI as a relative measure and consider both the drivers of the temperature level of the urban area and of the surrounding landscape in their UHI assessments. A series of 124 Landsat satellite images spanning four decades were used to derive land surface temperatures (LST) of 77 urban areas (between 20 and 1 600 ha) and their surroundings in the Province of South Tyrol, northern Italy. These data were used to calculate urban-rural LST differences (Delta LSTUHI) and NDVI differences (Delta NDVI) for quantifying the urban heat island effect. Delta LSTUHI were recorded between 1.0K and 8.1 K, with a mean Delta LSTUHI of 4.2 K. The results show pronounced Delta LSTUHI effects already for small cities of less than 1 km(2), but suggest that the urban size is of only minor importance for the Delta LSTUHI magnitude in case of urban areas smaller than about 10 km(2). Urban-rural land surface temperature difference (Delta LSTUHI) was identified to be primarily driven by Delta NDVI, together with solar irradiance and land use. Threshold values for the occurrence of Delta AST(UHI) extremes are provided. Implications for landscape and urban planning are presented that underpin the crucial importance of considering the surrounding landscape for quantitative assessments of UHI intensity. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.