The Colour of the Greenland Sea and the Migrations of the Greenland Whale and Narwhal
The Colour of the Greenland Sea and the Migrations of the Greenland Whale and Narwhal
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格陵兰海的颜色与格陵兰鲸和独角鲸的迁徙
DOI：
10.2307/1784901
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发表时间：
1931
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Gray
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Gray
五十年前，我的故乡彼得黑德还有几艘捕海豹和捕鲸船，每年春天都向格陵兰海驶去。在彼得黑德家族的船只中，最大、最著名的是我父亲和叔叔的“月蚀号”和“希望号”。两艘都是三桅，坚固的木船，大约440总吨，并且都配备了大约75匹标称马力的辅助发动机。十九世纪八十年代，我以大副的身份随父亲在“月蚀号”上航行了几年，熟悉了猎捕海豹和鲸鱼以及在冰面上航行。我有一些航海日志，是关于“日蚀号”和“希望号”的一些航行的，虽然我父亲和叔叔都是骗子。人们更多关注的是海豹和鲸鱼的捕获，而不是对它们习性的研究，它们包含的信息如果得到正确的理解，似乎可以转化为科学的解释。例如，它们包含频繁引用？格陵兰海的颜色，格陵兰鲸赖以为生的小生物在其水域的存在或缺失，以及格陵兰鲸和独角鲸迁徙的方向。格陵兰鲸或神秘鲸？而独角鲸，也象温暖海洋中的鲸一样，由于它们的食物在海洋中分布的方式，常常不得不进行长途旅行或迁徙。格陵兰鲸和独角鲸在迁徙时的行为是特有的；它们追求笔直的路线，它们把呼吸向空中投射得比平时更高，每次它们出现在水面上，它们可能会在旅途中多走一两英里。人们普遍认为，海洋的颜色与鲸鱼的迁徙有某种联系。格陵兰鲸和独角鲸，这是捕鲸人所熟知的，也是我自己经常观察到的，它们会离开格陵兰海那些清澈蔚蓝的地方，而聚集在那些或多或少浑浊和变色的地方，在那里，它们赖以为生的生物或多或少都有很多。北极；北极
FIFTY years ago Peterhead, my native place, still possessed a few sealing and whaling ships which year after year set sail in the spring for the Greenland Sea.# Amongst the Peterhead ships the largest and best known were the Eclipse and the Hope,\ my father's and uncle'sj ships. Both were three-masted, strongly built wooden ships of about 440 gross tons, and both were fitted with auxiliary engines of about 75 nominal horse power. In the eighteen-eighties I sailed with my father in the Eclipse for a number of years in the capacity of mate, and became familiar with the pursuit of seals and whales and with the navigation ofthe ice. I have in my possession a number of log-books pertaining to some of the voyages of the Eclipse and Hope, and although my father and uncle were con? cerned more with the capture of seals and whales than with a study of their habits, they contain information which if rightly understood seems capable of being turned to scientific account. For instance, they contain frequent refer? ence to the colour of the Greenland Sea, and to the presence or absence in its waters of the small creatures on which the Greenland whale feeds, and also references to the directions in which the Greenland whales and narwhals migrate. The Greenland whale, orMysticetus,? and the narwhal,like the whales of warmer seas, owing to the manner in which their food is distributed in the waters ofthe ocean, are often obliged to undertake long journeys or migrations. The behaviour of Greenland whales and narwhals when migrating is characteristic; they pursue a straight course, they project their breath higher into the air than usual, and each time they appear at the surface they may be a mile or two farther on their journey. It is generally agreed that there is a connection between the colour of the sea and the migrations of whales. Greenland whales and narwhals, as was well known to the whalers, and as I myself have often observed, desert those parts of the Greenland Sea which are clear and blue, and congregate in those which are more or less turbid and discoloured, and in which the creatures on which they feed occur in greater or less abundance.|| Scoresby ('Arctic