An organosynthetic soft robotic respiratory simulator
An organosynthetic soft robotic respiratory simulator
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一种器官合成软机器人呼吸模拟器
DOI：
10.1063/1.5140760
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Roche, Ellen T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horvath, Markus A.;Hu, Lucy;Roche, Ellen T.
在这项工作中，我们描述了一个台式模型，使用先进的机器人和有机组织的组合，重现隔膜的运动和功能。首先，我们建立了一个高保真度的拟人化模型的隔膜使用热塑性和弹性材料的基础上的临床成像数据。然后，我们将气动人工肌肉连接到这个弹性隔膜上，预先编程，以便在加压时以临床相关的方式移动。通过在实验室模型中插入隔膜作为两个腔室之间的分隔物一个代表胸腔，另一个代表肺随后激活隔膜，我们可以重现在正常呼吸过程中导致肺充气和放气的压力变化。在胸腔中插入有机肺证明了这种膨胀和收缩对我们的机器人隔膜产生的压力的响应。通过调整输入压力和时间，我们可以表示不同的呼吸运动和疾病状态。我们使用多个传感器对模型进行仪表化，以测量压力、体积和流量，并实时显示这些数据，允许用户改变输入，例如呼吸速率和各种组件的顺应性，因此他们可以观察和测量改变这些参数的下游效应。通过这种方式，该模型阐明了基本的生理概念，并可以展示病理学和呼吸系统组成部分的相互作用。该模型将作为一种创新和有效的教学工具，以用户控制的互动方式教育学生呼吸生理学和病理学。它还将作为胸腔内器械或胸膜封闭剂的解剖学和生理学准确测试平台，代表了对现有模型的巨大改进，并最终降低了在动物模型中测试这些技术的要求。最后，它将作为一个有影响力的可视化工具，用于教育和吸引更广泛的社区。
In this work, we describe a benchtop model that recreates the motion and function of the diaphragm using a combination of advanced robotic and organic tissue. First, we build a high-fidelity anthropomorphic model of the diaphragm using thermoplastic and elastomeric material based on clinical imaging data. We then attach pneumatic artificial muscles to this elastomeric diaphragm, pre-programmed to move in a clinically relevant manner when pressurized. By inserting this diaphragm as the divider between two chambers in a benchtop model-one representing the thorax and the other the abdomen-and subsequently activating the diaphragm, we can recreate the pressure changes that cause lungs to inflate and deflate during regular breathing. Insertion of organic lungs in the thoracic cavity demonstrates this inflation and deflation in response to the pressures generated by our robotic diaphragm. By tailoring the input pressures and timing, we can represent different breathing motions and disease states. We instrument the model with multiple sensors to measure pressures, volumes, and flows and display these data in real-time, allowing the user to vary inputs such as the breathing rate and compliance of various components, and so they can observe and measure the downstream effect of changing these parameters. In this way, the model elucidates fundamental physiological concepts and can demonstrate pathology and the interplay of components of the respiratory system. This model will serve as an innovative and effective pedagogical tool for educating students on respiratory physiology and pathology in a user-controlled, interactive manner. It will also serve as an anatomically and physiologically accurate testbed for devices or pleural sealants that reside in the thoracic cavity, representing a vast improvement over existing models and ultimately reducing the requirement for testing these technologies in animal models. Finally, it will act as an impactful visualization tool for educating and engaging the broader community.