SPARROW Models Used to Understand Nutrient Sources in the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin.
SPARROW Models Used to Understand Nutrient Sources in the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin.
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DOI：
10.2134/jeq2013.02.0066
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发表时间：
2013-09
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
D. Robertson;D. Saad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Robertson;D. Saad
密西西比/阿查法拉亚河流域 (MARB) 的氮 (N) 和磷 (P) 负荷与墨西哥湾缺氧有关。为了描述这些负荷的来源和地点，使用 2002 年地理空间数据集为 MARB 构建了流域属性空间参考回归 (SPARROW) 模型，包括废水处理厂 (WWTP) 的输入以及整个 MARB 的校准站点。先前的研究发现，最高的氮和磷产量来自 MARB（玉米带）的中北部地区。根据 MARB SPARROW 模型，最高的氮产量仍然来自玉米带，但集中在爱荷华州和印第安纳州，最高的磷产量广泛分布在整个 MARB 中心。与其他研究中发现的情况类似，农业投入被发现是大部分 MARB 最大的氮和磷来源：农场化肥是最大的氮源，而农场化肥、粪肥和城市投入是主要的磷源。 MARB 模型能够在从 SPARROW 流域（约 50 公里）到整个 MARB 区域的范围内定义单个氮源和磷源。来自污水处理厂和城市地区的磷输入比大多数其他研究中发现的更为重要。这项研究的信息将有助于减少 MARB 的养分负荷，为管理人员提供氮和磷的每种来源最重要的描述，从而为确定管理行动的优先顺序并最终减少海湾缺氧的程度提供基础。
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loading from the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB) has been linked to hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico. To describe where and from what sources those loads originate, SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models were constructed for the MARB using geospatial datasets for 2002, including inputs from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and calibration sites throughout the MARB. Previous studies found that highest N and P yields were from the north-central part of the MARB (Corn Belt). Based on the MARB SPARROW models, highest N yields were still from the Corn Belt but centered over Iowa and Indiana, and highest P yields were widely distributed throughout the center of the MARB. Similar to that found in other studies, agricultural inputs were found to be the largest N and P sources throughout most of the MARB: farm fertilizers were the largest N source, whereas farm fertilizers, manure, and urban inputs were dominant P sources. The MARB models enable individual N and P sources to be defined at scales ranging from SPARROW catchments (∼50 km) to the entire area of the MARB. Inputs of P from WWTPs and urban areas were more important than found in most other studies. Information from this study will help to reduce nutrient loading from the MARB by providing managers with a description of where each of the sources of N and P are most important, thus providing a basis for prioritizing management actions and ultimately reducing the extent of Gulf hypoxia.