Deep learning image segmentation reveals patterns of UV reflectance evolution in passerine birds.

Deep learning image segmentation reveals patterns of UV reflectance evolution in passerine birds.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-32586-5
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发表时间:
2022-08-29
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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紫外线着色被认为是许多鸟类的重要信号形式,但目前缺乏关于紫外线羽色的流行和促进其进化的因素的广泛见解。在本文中,我们开发了一种基于深度学习的图像分割流水线,其性能大大优于经典(即非深度学习)分割方法,并使用它从超过24,000个博物馆标本的照片中提取关于全身羽毛颜色的准确信息,这些标本涵盖超过4500种雀形目鸟类。我们的研究结果表明,紫外线反射,特别是作为其他颜色的一个组成部分,是广泛的雀形目辐射,但强烈的遗传保守。我们还发现了明确的证据,支持光环境的作用,促进紫外线羽毛着色的演变,和一个微弱的趋势,更高的紫外线羽毛反射率的鸟类与紫外线,而不是紫色敏感的视觉系统。总的来说,我们的研究为鸟类色彩的神秘组成部分提供了重要的广泛见解,并证明深度学习在允许新数据对生态学和进化中长期存在的问题产生影响方面具有相当大的前景。在这里,作者开发了一种软件,可以使用鸟类的照片来提取羽毛紫外线反射率的信息。他们利用这些数据表明,紫外线反射率在遗传学上是保守的,并与光环境有关。
Ultraviolet colouration is thought to be an important form of signalling in many bird species, yet broad insights regarding the prevalence of ultraviolet plumage colouration and the factors promoting its evolution are currently lacking. In this paper, we develop a image segmentation pipeline based on deep learning that considerably outperforms classical (i.e. non deep learning) segmentation methods, and use this to extract accurate information on whole-body plumage colouration from photographs of >24,000 museum specimens covering >4500 species of passerine birds. Our results demonstrate that ultraviolet reflectance, particularly as a component of other colours, is widespread across the passerine radiation but is strongly phylogenetically conserved. We also find clear evidence in support of the role of light environment in promoting the evolution of ultraviolet plumage colouration, and a weak trend towards higher ultraviolet plumage reflectance among bird species with ultraviolet rather than violet-sensitive visual systems. Overall, our study provides important broad-scale insight into an enigmatic component of avian colouration, as well as demonstrating that deep learning has considerable promise for allowing new data to be brought to bear on long-standing questions in ecology and evolution. Here, the authors develop software that uses photographs of birds to extract information on plumage UV reflectance. They use these data to show that UV reflectance is phylogenetically conserved and associated with the light environment.
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