Self-help memory training for healthy older adults in a residential care center: specific and transfer effects on performance and beliefs
Self-help memory training for healthy older adults in a residential care center: specific and transfer effects on performance and beliefs
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DOI：
10.1002/gps.4230
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Borella, Erika
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cavallini, Elena;Bottiroli, Sara;Borella, Erika
背景认知灵活性在社区居住的老年人中反复被证明在训练项目后有所改善，但很少有研究关注生活在其他环境中的健康老年人。目的本研究调查了居住护理中心的健康老年人在他们练习的记忆任务上的自助训练的功效（关联和对象列表学习任务）和任何转移到其他任务（杂货清单，面孔-名称学习，图形-单词配对，单词列表和文本学习）。转移对日常生活（使用解决问题的任务）和参与者的信念，他们的记忆（效能和控制）的影响也进行了检查。在手册的帮助下，培训采用了以学习者为导向的方法，直接鼓励学习者将战略行为推广到新任务中。在6个月后评估任何培训益处的维持情况（年龄70- 99岁），无认知障碍，随机分配到两个项目：实验组接受自助训练，而活动对照组则参与一般的认知刺激活动。结果训练组的任务，是经过练习的。转移效应在记忆和日常解决问题的任务和记忆信念。训练的效果一般保持在实践和未实践的记忆tasks.ConclusionThese结果表明，以学习者为导向的自助培训提高记忆性能和记忆信念，至少在短期内，即使在住宅护理中心的居民。版权所有（c）2014约翰威利父子有限公司
BackgroundCognitive flexibility has repeatedly been shown to improve after training programs in community-dwelling older adults, but few studies have focused on healthy older adults living in other settings.ObjectivesThis study investigated the efficacy of self-help training for healthy older adults in a residential care center on memory tasks they practiced (associative and object list learning tasks) and any transfer to other tasks (grocery lists, face-name learning, figure-word pairing, word lists, and text learning). Transfer effects on everyday life (using a problem-solving task) and on participants' beliefs regarding their memory (efficacy and control) were also examined. With the aid of a manual, the training adopted a learner-oriented approach that directly encouraged learners to generalize strategic behavior to new tasks. The maintenance of any training benefits was assessed after 6months.MethodThe study involved 34 residential care center residents (aged 70-99years old) with no cognitive impairments who were randomly assigned to two programs: the experimental group followed the self-help training program, whereas the active control group was involved in general cognitive stimulation activities.ResultsTraining benefits emerged in the trained group for the tasks that were practiced. Transfer effects were found in memory and everyday problem-solving tasks and on memory beliefs. The effects of training were generally maintained in both practiced and unpracticed memory tasks.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that learner-oriented self-help training enhances memory performance and memory beliefs, in the short term at least, even in residential care center residents. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.